What Is Ground State in Chemistry

In chemistry and physics, the ground state  is defined as the lowest allowed energy state of an atom, molecule, or ion. In other words, the ground state represents the most stable configuration. If there is more than one possible ground state, degenerate states are said to exist. Even though the species may possess some level of energy, the ground state is considered to have zero-point energy in comparison to other states. If a species has energy greater than the ground state, it is said to be in an excited state. Electrons provide a good example of ground and excited states. If an electron absorbs energy, it may jump to an excited state. At some point, the electron will return to the ground state, typically giving off a photon in the process.

The Themes of Love in Shakespeares Sonnets and Other...

The Themes of Love in Shakespeares Sonnets and Other Poetry Love poetry has been written for many centuries. The ideas expressed by Shakespeare and Browning are still relevant today. Love is not a tangible thing; it is an emotion so it can be perceived in many different ways. Shakespeare has infamously used sonnets to express his ideas on love. Shall I compare theeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦? is a sonnet in which Shakespeare focuses on immortalisation through words. Let me not is another sonnet written by Shakespeare in which he expresses his views and the theme of the strength of love. I choose Robert Brownings, Porpyrias lover to compare to the above poems. As it is a dramatic monologue, which provides†¦show more content†¦This is a similar theme to one in shall I compare theeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦? which is everlasting. A sub theme of everlasting is also expressed in this sonnet love alters not with breefe houres and weekes. All three of the poems attempt to defy time through love, although they do this in very different ways. Shakespeare is almost trying to teach a lesson to the society of that time, a lesson that is still relevant today. Due to the lesson being on love and marriage it adds to the religious element within this poem. Also due to the large volume of hyperbolic language, it seems as though Shakespeare is religiously preaching to us. For example loveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Beares it out even to the edge of doom. The religious aspect of avoiding divorce is shown here. The religious tone in this poem differentiates it very much from the other two poems. As the tone in Shall I compare theeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦? Is light and airy and the tone in Porphyrias lover is conspiring. The rhyming couplets of Shakespeares sonnets are the most power literary tool. His confidence in his belief of this sonnet adds greatly to the creditability of it. This rhyming couplet exemplifies this If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ nor no man ever loved ShakespeareShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Poetry Of Love1612 Words   |  7 Pagessession will focus on the poetry of William Shakespeare. Shakespeare was a world-renowned poet and playwright. Shakespeare had a romantic heart and his poetry is shaped by love. His poems usually depict the passion and sacredness of relationships. By comparing two poems from William Shakespeare it is shown how he has been able to articulate the poetic theme of love. This seminar will analyze and explore two of Shakespeare’s poems focusing on the particular theme of love. Shakespeare deals with deepRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Sonnet 601250 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s sonnet 60 expresses the inevitable end that comes with time and uses this dark truth to express his hopefulness that his poetry will carry his beloved’s beauty and worth into the future in some way so that it may never die. This love poem is, as all sonnets are, fourteen lines. Three quatrains form these fourteen lines, and each quatrain consists of two lines. Furthermore, the last two lines that follow these quatrains are known as the couplet. This sonnet has the rhyme scheme of ABABRead MoreSpenser and Shakespeare: Contrasting Approaches to Sonnets1100 Words   |  5 PagesApproaches to Sonnets For over many centuries, countless poets have chosen to interpret their thoughts, sentiments and concepts through sonnets as opposed to other varying forms of poetry. Invented in Europe and perfected by Petrarch around the XIV century, the sonnet is considered to be the longest lived form of poetry and has since influenced the works and minds of succeeding artists such as Edmund Spenser and William Shakespeare. Thus, by observing Spenser’s Sonnet LXXV and Shakespeare’s Sonnet 55, itRead MoreShakespeares Sonnet 181392 Words   |  6 PagesIn Sonnet 18, Shakespeare shows his audience that his love will be preserved through his eternal lines of poetry by comparing his love and poetry with a summers day. Shakespeare then uses personification to emphasize these comparisons and make his theme clearer to his audience. Shakespeare also uses repetition of single words and ideas throughout the sonnet in order to stress the theme that his love and poetry are eternal, unlike othe r aspects of the natural world. Using the devices of metaphorRead MoreAnalysis of Two of the Best Williams Shakespeares Work1273 Words   |  6 PagesKnown as the leader in classical poetry and drama, English writer William Shakespeare, captures the passion and emotions that the romance and depths of the human heart experiences in life. This is especially shown in his vast collection of sonnets which exemplified the â€Å"carpe diem† ideology of the period, and the love that one can have for another. Two of the most famous of Shakespeare’s works, Sonnet 55 [Not Marble, nor the gilded monuments] and sonnet 116 [Let me not to the marriage of true minds]Read MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Gold Hair And Black Wires 1583 Words   |  7 PagesWires: Uses of Poetic Convention in Petrarca and Shakespeare While specifics within the sonnet genre have changed across time and traditions, the sonnet remains the most popular poetic form used in love poetry. The conventions of sonnets vary widely within the two most predominant traditions, the Italian and the Elizabethan, but are utilized by the love poem genre to play with similar themes of perfected love and beauty. Both styles are fourteen line poems which follow a strict rhyme scheme and meterRead More Sonnets: The Power of Love Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesSonnets:   The Power of Love  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The majority of Elizabethan sonnets reflect two major themes: time and love. William Shakespeare, too, followed this convention, producing 154 sonnets, many of which deal with the usual theme of love. Because the concept of love is in itself so immense, Shakespeare found several ways to capture the essence of his passion. Therefore, in his poetry he explored various methods and used them to describe the emotions associated with his love for a mysteriousRead MoreThe Movement Of The 18th And 17th Century Essay1526 Words   |  7 Pagesinside a poetic movement or community. Major poetic movements include Greek Poetry Schools (6th century BC), Provencal literature (11th-12th century), Silican court poets (mid 13th to early 14th centuries), Elizabeth and Romantican poets (late 16th- 17th century), American Transcendentalists, Paris expatriate (Surrealist) and Beat poets (20th Century). These movements have been fundamental to change the course of poetry in and out of their eras. This essay will be a critical literature review ofRead MoreDicussion of the Purpose of Shakespeares Sonnet 181129 Words   |  5 Pages Shakespeares collection of sonnets is heralded as one of the greatest, most ambitious sonnet collections in English literature. Of these154 sonnets, the first 126 of them are addressed to a fair youth, a beatiful young man, with whom Shakespeare has developed an intimate friendship. The overarching theme of devotion in antimony to mortality denotes that â€Å"Sonnet 18† is predominantly a love poem. Accordingly the purpose of the poem seems initially to be to compare his beloved friends handsomnessRead MoreShakespeare 130th Sonnet Analysis1464 Words   |  6 PagesSonnets are rhymed poems consisting of fourteen lines, it is divided into two different lines, the first eight lines making up the octet and the other last six lines being the sestet. The Shakespearean sonnet however differs from the Petrarchian sonnets and the Spenserian sonnet, it ends with a rhymed couplet and follows the rhyme scheme. Therefore, the octet and sestet structure can be unconventionally divided in to three quatrains with alternating rhymes concluding in a rhymed couplet. Till present

White Settlement Free Essays

â€Å"What was the impact on White Settlement on Indigenous life between 1788- 1861? Describe the meeting of two cultures that we see in Bennelong and William Buckley. † 1. Early years in Sydney- Arthur Phillip and Bennelong In 1788, led by Captain Arthur Phillip (Australia’s first governor), the Europeans had arrived in Australia with the first fleet. We will write a custom essay sample on White Settlement or any similar topic only for you Order Now They saw no sign of life and had no idea that the Indigenous people had been living in Australia for thousands even tens of thousands of years. But the Indigenous people were very aware that they had come and were deeply fascinated by them. At first they thought they were ghosts or evil spirits but they soon realized that these white-skinned and strangely-dressed people were planning to stay, and that they were. These â€Å"white-skinned’ people were in fact convicts who was shipped to do hard laborious work for their committed crime. Life before Europeans had settled in Australia was a very different place. There was either clear land and/or lots of bush. There were no boats, building or roads, in fact the Indigenous people probably had no idea there was such thing. This was probably why Arthur Phillip presumed the land could be theirs because no-one held sovereign right. But the Indigenous people were living there. The Indigenous people lived happily and peacefully with guidance from their elders who knew local dream time stories and customs. They comfortable living together, helping and sharing with one another and stayed alive by eating animals and berries from the bush. They didn’t need fancy clothes, building or roads unlike the Europeans to live a good life. On the 25 November 1789, Captain Arthur Phillip, captured elder Bennelong and used him as a way to learn about the language and customs of the indigenous people. Bennelong willingly liaised between the cultures, and adopted European dress and other ways. 2. Victoria- Buckley and batman After convict William Buckley’s escape from the Victorian settlement he was discovered by the Wathaurang people who thought this pale, 198cm giant carrying a spear was the ghost of one of their leaders. Buckley had arrived at Port Phillip Bay from England in 1803 with about 300 soldiers, settlers and convicts after being sentenced to transportation for life. Before the European settlement was abandoned, Buckley escaped. He wandered alone for weeks before he was befriended by the Wathaurang people. Over the next 32 years Buckley lived with the Wathaurang, learnt their language and customs, married and had a daughter. In 1835 he finally emerged to meet Batman’s colonising party and tried to work as an intermediary between settlers and aborigines, but felt he wasn’t trusted by either. 3. Overview of their decline and dispossession of land Victoria was originally the home to many Indigenous tribes that had been living there for a long period of time. Although when the Europeans settled in Australia Batman planned to negotiate his way into ‘buying’ the land of the Indigenous people. Once Batman arrived in Victoria he approached the local Indigenous leaders with a contract, to ‘buy’ their land. His negotiations were successful, and he walked away with 240,000 hectares of prime farming terrain – almost all of the Kulin nation’s ancestral land even though they were technically not eligible to sell the land as it wasn’t really their land. However the transaction went ahead, and it was agreed that batman was to on a annual basis, give them 40 blankets, 30 axes, 100 knives, 50 scissors, 30 mirrors, 200 handkerchiefs, 100 pounds of flour and 6 shirts in exchange for the land. Because of this transaction between the Indigenous People and Batman the majority of Victoria’s population is, as the Indigenous people originally called us, â€Å"white-skinned†. How to cite White Settlement, Essay examples

Education and Equality free essay sample

This article discusses various lawsuits filed as advocates try to advance the cause of equal funding for education in the U. S. Demetrio Rodriguez began his fight for reform in 1969 as the chief plaintiff in a suit against the Edgewood Independent School District in San Antonio, Texas. In that year, he and a group of parents filed suit to protest the lack of funding for the schools their children attended. Appealing the decision in favor of the district, they took their case to the U. S. Supreme Court in 1973. The case became a rallying point for school reform across the country. In the ears following the filing of the suit, their battle cry is a simple one: the inequalities in funding between public school systems must be eliminated if quality education for all is to be guaranteed. Lawsuits filed throughout the U. S. are meeting with a margin of success as they try to advance the cause of equal funding for education. Charging that states fail to provide a school system that offers proper instruction, the suits are forcing state governments to reconsider public school funding. While Ohio faces a complete overhaul of the school funding system, other states face the challenge of apital funding for the construction of new schools. The most visible element of the issue, have become the focus of many court battles, most notably that of Arizona. Demetrio Rodriguez sits in his San Antonio, Texas, nome surrounded by memories. Certificates and photos chart the 25 years Rodriguez has spent fighting the cause of school finance reform. From state capitols to popular talk shows, he has become a strong voice behind the movement to improve the nations schools. Rodriguez began his fght for reform in 1969 as the chief plaintiff in a suit against the Edgewood Independent School District in San Antonio. In that year, he and a group of parents filed suit to protest the lack of funding for the schools their children attended. Appealing the decision in favor of the district, they took their case to the U. S. Supreme Court in 1973. In San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez, 411 U. S. 1 (1973), the court ruled in a 5-4 decision that education was not a fundamental right under the federal constitution and that students did not have the right to attend schools funded on the same level as a nearby wealthier district. The case became a rallying point for school reform across the country. In the years following Rodriguez, parents and advocates have filed suit in over 30 states. Their battle cry is a simple one: The inequalities in funding between public school systems must be eliminated if quality education for all is to be guaranteed. Gains have been made. Litigation in Rodriguezs home state of Texas prompted the creation of Robin Hood laws that reallocate funding from higher to lower income school districts. But change is hard to notice at the Edgewood school located across the street from Rodriguezs home. The kids who attend school in my district still have classrooms in portable uildings, he said. Many times teachers are forced to buy crayons and other supplies out of their own pockets. Rodriguez added that while conditions have changed, great disparities still exist. These kids have an improved opportunity to get a proper education, but we have a long way to go. Currently in the state of Texas a $20,000 gap exists in the amount of funding per classroom between the richest and poorest school districts. The Robin Hood laws, which have helped create some gains, are now threatened with elimination by a tax bill being considered in the state legislature. Indeed, Rodriguez, now a grandfather, still has a long way to go in his fght for change. l have great hopes for my grandchildren, he said. But we are still going to have to come up with solutions for these issues if we want to ensure their future. The fght to ensure such a future is gaining support from distinct sectors of American society. From Arizona to New Jersey, groups including attorneys, business representatives and teachers are Joining forces. Like Rodriguez, many are turning to the state courts in an effort create change in their communities. Decisions for Change Lawsuits filed throughout the United States are meeting with a margin of success as they try to advance the cause of equal funding for education. Charging that states fail to provide a school system that offers proper instruction, the suits are forcing state governments to reconsider public school funding. In Abbott v. Burke, M-622-96, the New Jersey Supreme Court decided in May that the legislature must close existing gaps between the poorest and richest school districts in the state by September of this year. The 5 to 1 decision is a final win for a court battle that began in 1985. David Sciarra, attorney for the plaintiffs, said the suit challenged existing legislation that leaves a 000 per pupil gap in tunding. Not only do the current laws not eliminate the gap, but they actually allow it to grow in future budgets, he said. Under the present regulation, the urban districts will only be given funding to maintain a foundation level while suburban districts will be allowed to grow. The disparities will actually remain and widen, he continued. The decision ordered New Jersey to provide funding for future growth over foundation levels. In addition, it andated that poor districts be provided funding for supplemental programs. Supplemental programs, according to Sciarra, will help bring students up to the levels of their counterparts in wealthier districts. We are not satisfied with a 10 percent gap, he commented. We want to get funding to a point where schools are comparable in terms of programs and facilities available. While New Jersey attempts to close the final gap, other states continue to follow their lead. In a similar decision, the Supreme Court of Ohio ruled in March of this year that the current system of state funding was unconstitutional. The 4-3 decision in DeRolph v. State of Ohio, 78 Ohio State 3d 193, stated that the system violated the state constitution by not providing a thorough and efficient system of common schools. It overruled a previous 1979 decision that ruled that the funding system was constitutional. According to the majority opinion, the allocation formula and other school funding factors have caused or permitted vast wealth disparities among schools, depriving students in 500 public school districts of high quality educational opportunities. Nicholas Pittner, chief counsel for the plaintiff, noted the circumstances surrounding he case had a great impact on the decision. Some of these schools are extremely dark and dangerous, he said. The inadequacies reached such an extent that they were impressive enough to sway the decision of the court. The court ruled that the state has a year to come up with a new system to fund the education of Ohios 1. 8 million students. The remedy for the now unconstitutional system rests with a committee consisting of the governor, members of the state legislature, the state superintendent of public instruction and the budget director. Experts in the case say they expect some form of action on the issue this fall. Rick Dickinson, general counsel for the Ohio School Boards Association, said over reliance on property taxes was cited by the court as a contributing factor to the failure of the system. Local property taxes could be part of the new funding system, but not the total source of revenue, he explained. While Ohio faces a complete overhaul of the school funding system, other states face the challenge of capital funding for the construction of new schools. The most visible element of the issue, old and poorly maintained buildings, have become the focus of many court battles, most notably that of Arizona. After three years of litigation, the state faces its fourth suit in a search to fund the replacement of aging school buildings. Still lacking basic facilities, many schools in Arizonas poor districts require major renovations to bring them up to code. A 1994 decision from the Arizona Supreme Court ruled the states funding formula unconstitutional. In Roosevelt v Bishop, 877 P. d 806 (1994), the court ruled the state funding formula unconstitutional and mandated that the state government come up with a new formula. Later decisions gave the state a deadline of the summer of 1998 to resolve the issue. Plaintiffs say $1 billion will be needed. The legislature has offered $370 million over the next 10 years and $32 million in perpetuity to poor school districts. Fite Symington nas as ed k the courts to rule the otter sufficient to resolve t he issue. Opponents contend the amount will not begin to keep up with growth in the states schools. Tim Hogan, attorney representing 72 school districts named as plaintiffs, said the offer does not come close to complying with the decision. Thirty million dollars builds about 4 schools a year in Arizona, he explained. The offer is being contested because it still has a heavy reliance on roperty tax and only adds funding to bottom end schools. Hogan said if the state government fails to distribute money to the schools by the deadline of next summer, kids will be the big losers. What is disappointing to me is that our willingness to cooperate in this effort has not led to complete reform, he added. While Hogan hopes the court turns down the request for approval, representatives from the governors office say the current offer satisfies the courts decision. C. Diane Bishop, former Arizona superintendent of public instruction and now an adviser to Symington, said the current offer combined with a cap on spending for high wealth districts will bring disparities down toa satisfactory level. Equality was not an issue in the decision, she added. A solution where some disparities still exists is acceptable according to the ruling. As the State of Arizona hammers out the resolution to its school finance problem, the rest of the nation looks on with both fear and excitement. The uncharted territory of school finance reform causes activists and bureaucrats alike to shudder as they attempt to redesign systems that have been in lace for decades. And as many find out, victory in the courts is followed by the lengthy and sometimes defeating process of policy-making. Solutions for Today At the center of such policy-making lies the inescapable definition of standards. At what level do states have to fund education to make it efficient? How are such levels determined? John Augenblick, a Denver consultant who has worked in school finance system reform for the past 20 years, said the standards that work the best focus on the needs of students instead of the amount of money available to fund education. Foundation levels are typically politically determined based on funding available, he continued. States need to develop target levels with more information than available revenue. Augenblick said more states are setting objectives for education rather than setting goals based on resources available. We see states setting objectives and creating measurement systems to see if goals are being met, he said. Then funding is sought based on meeting those goals. Sighting recent school reform legislation in Mississippi, Augenblick said that states success lies in the trategy pursued in defining standards. Mississippis goal was to have all school districts accredited at the highest levels based on a series of outcomes, Augenbli ck continued. The funding spent on students in districts that were achieving these levels were then used in developing the standards for the rest of the state. He said while there is much work left to be done, the future of school financing does hold promise. There has been improvement and states are now building systems that are standing up in the courts, Augenblick added. One of the states he said provides the ost secure example of school finance reform is Kentucky. In Council for Better Education v. collins, NO. 85-Cl-1759, slip op. at 11 (Franklin cty. Ct. , KY. May 31, 1988), the Kentucky Supreme Court not only ruled the school funding system unconstitutional, but went on to declare the entire state school system unconstitutional. Chiet Justice Robert Stevens, who wrote the majority opinion in the case, said the evidence compelled the court to go beyond the funding issue. Although the original lawsuit dealt only with financial inequity, it became obvious that the whole system needed reform, he said. Indeed, the evidence was compelling. At the time of the case, Kentucky ranked 50th in the nation in adult literacy and high school completion, 49th in the number of four-year college graduates and 48th in spending on elementary education. In 1990 the state passed the Kentucky Education Reform Act (KERA). Since then the state has completely revamped its methods of instruction. The results hold promise. Teachers salaries have increased 28 percent statewide. According to state records, student performance in reading, writing, mathematics, science and social studies increased 9 percent between 1992 and 1994. It is going to take more than eight or nine years to undo what it took 100 years to build, Justice Stevens added. But the system is a great deal better than it was. Kentucky legislators said the 22 percent increase in taxes necessary to pay for KERA was accepted by Kentuckians because of the seriousness of the disparities. Michael Maloney, a former Kentucky legislator involved in KERA, said while there was some objection to the bill when it was being considered, the majority of the state viewed it as necessary. No legislator who voted or the tax increase was defeated on that issue in the next election, he said. As lon g as the voters knew that the money was going to public education, they were for it. Jack Moreland, former superintendent of the Dayton Kentucky Independent School District, said the state now has a clear sense of where the education system will be heading. We have a defined twenty-year road map which sets precise goals and lays out how the goals will be reached, he explained. Those familiar with KERA caution that the full impact will not be felt until an entire group of students start and finish nder the program. But if the initial information is any indication, the states reform package is achieving change other states may grow to envy. While the Kentucky solution shows the possibilities of education finance reform, the current situation in states like Colorado shows Just how far finance reform has yet to go. Rapid growth in the state has brought over 100,000 new students into Colorado, while a lack of increased funding has caused per-pupil expenditures to drop. Colorado Bill H. C. R. 1004 makes it difficult to increase funding in the states school districts. A cap rohibits the legislature from raising spending more than six percent annually. This makes it impossible for schools to keep up with the growth in enrollment and inflation. Phil Fox, associate director of the Colorado Association of School Executives, said the current situation will drive the quality of education down in a time when the economy is flourishing. We are choking on our own success, he continued. The growth is going to make schools increasingly dependent on the state for funding at a time when the legislature is limiting what they can do for students. As the state egislature struggles to find a solution, few see one on the horizon. A proposal to end school reliance on property taxes failed to win approval from the legislature in the first session of 1997. Activists point out that certain language in the state constitution make successful litigation in Colorado difficult. Fox said Colorado might take years to resolve the finance problem in their state. School reform has never been for the short winded, he added. If Foxs analogy is correct, many states are coming up for air The Illinois Legislature killed Senate Bill 645, which would nave decreased a eliance on property taxes for public school funding and set up a system to equalize school funding through other tax sources. Indeed, the road to reaching school funding solutions is a long process. For Rodriguez, the process brings frustration. l get angry when I think that our country can spend billions in aid on other nations while our kids receive low quality education, he said. The next generation will suffer if we fail to take action today,

Social Classes in the Philippines Essay Sample free essay sample

Maginoo – This comprises of the aristocracy of the early caste system. which largely refers to the governing category of Datus. Rajahs and their households. A datu with power over a big country held the rubric Lakan or Rajah. The Datu is a leader. a go-between in differences. and was responsible for the public assistance of the people within his legal power. Work force and adult females of this category were by and large referred to with the respectful rubric of Ginoo. Individually. the footings. Gat. significance Lord. or Dayang. intending Lady. preceded by their names. The rubric of Datu ( Sultanante ) can be acquired through blood line of descent or if a common man showed exceeding accomplishments particularly in Acts of the Apostless of courage and gallantry. Timawa – The timawa category were free common mans of Luzon and the Visayas who could have their ain land and who did non hold to pay a regular testimonial to a Maginoo. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Classes in the Philippines Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page though from clip to clip. be obliged to work on a datu’s land and aid in community undertakings and events. They were free to alter their commitment to another datu if they married into another community or if they decided to travel. Maharlika – The Tagalog maharlika rendered military service to the datu at his ain disbursal and shared with his leader the spoils of war. They by and large have the same rights and duties as a timawa. This category disappeared sometime in the 1630’s when the Spaniards were able to unite diverse affinity groups ( Rodriguez. 1998 ) . Alipin – These were prisoners of war. those unable to pay their debts. all illicit kids ; those purchased. and punished felons. In the Visayas. an alipin was called oripun. They are divided into two types: †¢ Aliping Namamahay – had his ain household. small house and batch. and served the maestro during planting and reaping season or in the building of houses. †¢ Aliping Sagigilid – those who are populating with the maestro. had no belongings. and could non get married without the master’s consent. The sagigilid. ; nevertheless. could purchase his freedom in gold.

The Marriage Contract Essay Example

The Marriage Contract Essay Example The Marriage Contract Essay The Marriage Contract Essay A wedding is something that most little girl’s dream of having one day. The perfect dress, the perfect flowers, and the perfect man is what they see their wedding day consisting of. The wedding is the beginning of marriage, and there are certain things that I would like from my dream man so that we can have a â€Å"perfect† marriage. A marriage, to me, is a relationship between two equal beings who want to spend their rest of their lives together. I believe that both of us should be treated equal in the relationship, and the power is split between us. . I believe it is important to have a marriage contract between my future husband and I because I would like to see if we believe in the same things. Do we see eye to eye or close to on how we want the household run or do we want children? As we get older, we’ll probably need to redo the contract to fit our changing lifestyle. We’ll probably need one for how we want to raise our children and how the household duties will be run when we have children running around. Another time we may need to revise it is if we get to busy for each other. I would like to still have a marriage when I have children. I see how some people forget about their spouses because they get so involved with work and children. There may be other times when we need to revise this marriage contract because our lives may change with children, a possible loss of a job, or anything that’s life altering which will cause a need to fix it. At this point in my life my marriage contract will state that I would like for us both to have solid jobs. I think it’s important to both have jobs so that neither of us is supporting each other. It’s possible when we have children this feeling may alter to work best for our lifestyle. For the time being though, I don’t want to be taking care of my husband, nor do I want him to take care of me. Since I would like to be a teacher, I shouldn’t have too many issues with my job being too demanding. If his job is more demanding than I’ like, I would want him to make up for it on his days off. If he had to travel a whole bunch I don’t know if I could continue the marriage, unless it was only for a short period of time. So that would have to be discussed if it ever came about. If his job caused him to move, I would agree to move with him after my school year was done. I on’t have a problem with moving around a lot if his job is pays well, because I would be willing to volunteer around the community rather than working a full time job. I want to be a part of something outside my marriage whether it’s job or volunteering. When it comes to friends, I think it’s very important to have friends who are couples. I grew up where my parents would always hang out with other couples and it really worked out nicely for them. They would go on two or three vacations a year with each other and if both of their families couldn’t make it for holidays we would all spend it together. I would want that for my marriage, so that I don’t feel like we can’t go out together with groups. I would also like to have to opportunity to have our friends over to our place. If we decide to go out separately, as a girls or guys night out, I would expect a text here and there about what’s going on and who they’re with. It would also depend on where the trust level is in the relationship, because that may change how one of us feels about the other going out. Another problem, if there is trust issues, is if we have friends of the opposite sex. I tend to have friends that are guys, so I would have to be okay with him having girls for friends. However, our best opposite sex friend should be each other. I once had a counselor who told my boyfriend and I that it’s okay to have friends of the opposite sex but they can never be your best friend because it never works out unless you marry your best friend. All in all, I want us to have friends outside of each other, because I feel that is a very important factor in maintain a healthy relationship. Religion is a huge part of my life, and I would like for my husband to be on the same page as me. I have no religion except for the belief in Agnosticism, but I love visiting new churches and speaking with members so I can understand more. One day, I would like to settle on some belief, possibly when children come into the picture, but I want to have similar beliefs. I was raised Christian, so I would like to think that one day I’ll go back to that train of thought, so I would like him to possibly know Christianity. I want us both to be open minded when it comes to religion, and I do not want a man who pushes his religion on me. When we have down time, such as the weekend, I would like us to have some things we do together and some we do separate. I think it’s important to have our own identity where we have different interest, but I also think it’s important to have things we enjoy doing together. As for vacations, I don’t believe they should be taken without each other, unless it’s to see our family. I believe vacations are meant for single people or families, and if you looking to enjoy yourself, you can do so with your spouse. If both of us are working, I think we should have separate accounts and one shared account. Every pay check we put a set amount in our own account that we get to spend on whatever we’d like. Then we put the rest of our pay check into a shared account and with that money we pay our bills. Any extra money in that account is only usable if we both agree on what it’s being spent on. With this set up we have our own money and we both contribute to paying for our expenses. No one can get mad about unnecessary spending, such as video games or brunch with the girls. As for credit cards, we have separate ones that we pay for out of our own account. If one of us needs to borrow money I’d be more than willing to help them, unless they were out of control with their own spending. I don’t want to deal with someone who isn’t finically stable or at least knows how to control their spending. Household chores aren’t very important to me. I don’t mind cleaning and I don’t mind picking up after someone else. The only time it would play a major role is when I cleaning for something or someone and I want to clean very well. I would expect help around the house if someone was coming to visit or if we were having a party, but even then I wouldn’t care if I did most of the work. I’m not concerned when it comes to household responsibilities, so I’d be willing to take that responsibility on. I want to find someone who wants to start having kids before the age of thirty-five. I don’t really have a preference at this point in time on how many kids I want, but I would like to find someone open-minded and not set on what they want. As long as my partner is willing to negotiate about how many children we want and when they want them I will be willing to find a medium with him. When raising our children I would like to maintain a more authoritative parenting style. I would like my husband to have the same style or close to. I do not want a man who cannot connect with his children, and I also do not want a man who wants to be his child’s friend. I feel like there needs to be a middle ground. I also don’t want my kids to think I’m the push over or think I’m the bad cop compared to their dad. I want them to see us as an equal parent because I think it’s important to raise a strong family. I love moving and traveling so I wouldn’t mind moving around a whole bunch the only objection I would have is I couldn’t live in a small town. A small suburb would be fine, but no country towns. If we didn’t move a lot I would want a house or a large apartment. I want animals so a place for them to run around is important to me. Ideally I would like to live somewhere in Europe or Canada, but if that’s not an option living anywhere cold is what I want the most. I also don’t want to find ourselves ever moving in with other family members, because I feel like you need to make it on your own. I’m not too particular on the living arrangements as long as we can agree that living in the heat is not an option unless we move a lot. My husband is my husband and I am his wife. We do not share each other with other people and I have no desire to explore other options. So if that’s what he wants than I would have to end things. I think also if that it’s something he believes in but would be willing to change I would still end things because it shows he doesn’t respect the monogamy of marriage and would easily slip up. Anything outside of monogamy is just not an option for me. If an abortion was necessary or unnecessary I would want my husband to be okay with it like I am. If he did what I wanted I would feel fully responsible for taking a child’s life. If he was against it I would feel pressured to give birth to a child I wasn’t ready for. There are just too many different situations that could occur that I would want my husband to feel open to the idea of abortion if it was needed. I could never be with someone who didn’t want pets or at least allow me to have pets. I don’t want a zoo but I don’t want to feel like I can’t own a pet if I want one. I have a dog currently who is an inside dog and if my husband wasn’t okay with that, I wouldn’t be okay with him. Animals are a huge part of my life and I wouldn’t be with someone without them. When it comes to in-laws, I don’t want to live with them and I don’t want them to live with me. I feel like it causes too much stress on the relationship which will lead to problems in the relationship. I also don’t think it’s healthy for the relationship between parent and child. So unless it’s necessary that they move in then it’s not an option for me. If I was put on life support I would want to be let go because of the financial struggle to will cause my husband and the pain it will cause us both to suffer. If he was put on life support I would ask what he wants before it happens and try to follow his wishes. I can’t say I’ll be strong enough to let him go because I’ve never been through it, but I would hope I can be strong enough for him. On thing that is very important to me is traveling. Traveling is something I’ve always wanted to do and I want to find someone with that same passion. If they had no interest in it or didn’t have to the funds I don’t know if I could make things work because I think it’s import to find someone who shares your dreams. If they don’t share dreams with you, you may grow to resent them. I want to enjoy my life traveling and exploring with my husband so we can grown together. These are most if not all the things I would like to be present in my marriage, and I hope to find someone who is on the same page as me. If they don’t agree on most if not all I’ll have to make the decision between changing my views or possibly finding someone else who meets more to my needs. Finding someone you care about and someone who agrees on your points of view is important to marriage.

Macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Macroeconomics - Essay Example We begin by defining fiscal policy and monetary policy. The study later provides a description of the IS/LM model in section 3 and finally, an explanation of the crowding out effect using the IS/LM model. The last part of the paper will relate the crowding out effect to the real world particularly the UK as the Bank of England uses it as a fiscal policy tool. Fiscal policy refers to a situation whereby the government restores equilibrium in the economy by making changes to taxes or government expenditure on public goods and services (Smullen and Hand, 2005). When there is under-utilisation of capacity, the government can increase capacity utilisation by reducing taxes (that is through a reduction in tax rates or tax base) or by increasing spending on public goods and services as well as subsidising the production of certain goods and services (Smullen and Hand, 2005; Visser, 2004) Fiscal policy aimed at increasing money supply is referred to as easy fiscal policy (Smullen and Hand 2005). On the other hand, when there is over-utilisation of capacity, the government either increases taxes (through and increase in tax rates or tax bases) or reduces spending on public goods and services (Black 2002). It also reduces subsidies and transfer payments. This type of fiscal policy is referred to as tight fiscal policy (Black 2002). Monetary policy is referred to as a means by which the central bank tries to sway the economy to equilibrium by influencing the supply of money (Black 2002). This is achieved through four main approaches, which include: printing more money; direct controls over money held by the money sector; open market operations and influencing the interest rate. Both tight and easy monetary policies can also be identified. Like easy fiscal policy, easy monetary policy is one whereby the central bank embarks on a policy to increase the supply of money. On the other