What Is Ground State in Chemistry

In chemistry and physics, the ground state  is defined as the lowest allowed energy state of an atom, molecule, or ion. In other words, the ground state represents the most stable configuration. If there is more than one possible ground state, degenerate states are said to exist. Even though the species may possess some level of energy, the ground state is considered to have zero-point energy in comparison to other states. If a species has energy greater than the ground state, it is said to be in an excited state. Electrons provide a good example of ground and excited states. If an electron absorbs energy, it may jump to an excited state. At some point, the electron will return to the ground state, typically giving off a photon in the process.

The Themes of Love in Shakespeares Sonnets and Other...

The Themes of Love in Shakespeares Sonnets and Other Poetry Love poetry has been written for many centuries. The ideas expressed by Shakespeare and Browning are still relevant today. Love is not a tangible thing; it is an emotion so it can be perceived in many different ways. Shakespeare has infamously used sonnets to express his ideas on love. Shall I compare theeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦? is a sonnet in which Shakespeare focuses on immortalisation through words. Let me not is another sonnet written by Shakespeare in which he expresses his views and the theme of the strength of love. I choose Robert Brownings, Porpyrias lover to compare to the above poems. As it is a dramatic monologue, which provides†¦show more content†¦This is a similar theme to one in shall I compare theeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦? which is everlasting. A sub theme of everlasting is also expressed in this sonnet love alters not with breefe houres and weekes. All three of the poems attempt to defy time through love, although they do this in very different ways. Shakespeare is almost trying to teach a lesson to the society of that time, a lesson that is still relevant today. Due to the lesson being on love and marriage it adds to the religious element within this poem. Also due to the large volume of hyperbolic language, it seems as though Shakespeare is religiously preaching to us. For example loveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Beares it out even to the edge of doom. The religious aspect of avoiding divorce is shown here. The religious tone in this poem differentiates it very much from the other two poems. As the tone in Shall I compare theeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦? Is light and airy and the tone in Porphyrias lover is conspiring. The rhyming couplets of Shakespeares sonnets are the most power literary tool. His confidence in his belief of this sonnet adds greatly to the creditability of it. This rhyming couplet exemplifies this If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ nor no man ever loved ShakespeareShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Poetry Of Love1612 Words   |  7 Pagessession will focus on the poetry of William Shakespeare. Shakespeare was a world-renowned poet and playwright. Shakespeare had a romantic heart and his poetry is shaped by love. His poems usually depict the passion and sacredness of relationships. By comparing two poems from William Shakespeare it is shown how he has been able to articulate the poetic theme of love. This seminar will analyze and explore two of Shakespeare’s poems focusing on the particular theme of love. Shakespeare deals with deepRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Sonnet 601250 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s sonnet 60 expresses the inevitable end that comes with time and uses this dark truth to express his hopefulness that his poetry will carry his beloved’s beauty and worth into the future in some way so that it may never die. This love poem is, as all sonnets are, fourteen lines. Three quatrains form these fourteen lines, and each quatrain consists of two lines. Furthermore, the last two lines that follow these quatrains are known as the couplet. This sonnet has the rhyme scheme of ABABRead MoreSpenser and Shakespeare: Contrasting Approaches to Sonnets1100 Words   |  5 PagesApproaches to Sonnets For over many centuries, countless poets have chosen to interpret their thoughts, sentiments and concepts through sonnets as opposed to other varying forms of poetry. Invented in Europe and perfected by Petrarch around the XIV century, the sonnet is considered to be the longest lived form of poetry and has since influenced the works and minds of succeeding artists such as Edmund Spenser and William Shakespeare. Thus, by observing Spenser’s Sonnet LXXV and Shakespeare’s Sonnet 55, itRead MoreShakespeares Sonnet 181392 Words   |  6 PagesIn Sonnet 18, Shakespeare shows his audience that his love will be preserved through his eternal lines of poetry by comparing his love and poetry with a summers day. Shakespeare then uses personification to emphasize these comparisons and make his theme clearer to his audience. Shakespeare also uses repetition of single words and ideas throughout the sonnet in order to stress the theme that his love and poetry are eternal, unlike othe r aspects of the natural world. Using the devices of metaphorRead MoreAnalysis of Two of the Best Williams Shakespeares Work1273 Words   |  6 PagesKnown as the leader in classical poetry and drama, English writer William Shakespeare, captures the passion and emotions that the romance and depths of the human heart experiences in life. This is especially shown in his vast collection of sonnets which exemplified the â€Å"carpe diem† ideology of the period, and the love that one can have for another. Two of the most famous of Shakespeare’s works, Sonnet 55 [Not Marble, nor the gilded monuments] and sonnet 116 [Let me not to the marriage of true minds]Read MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Gold Hair And Black Wires 1583 Words   |  7 PagesWires: Uses of Poetic Convention in Petrarca and Shakespeare While specifics within the sonnet genre have changed across time and traditions, the sonnet remains the most popular poetic form used in love poetry. The conventions of sonnets vary widely within the two most predominant traditions, the Italian and the Elizabethan, but are utilized by the love poem genre to play with similar themes of perfected love and beauty. Both styles are fourteen line poems which follow a strict rhyme scheme and meterRead More Sonnets: The Power of Love Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesSonnets:   The Power of Love  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The majority of Elizabethan sonnets reflect two major themes: time and love. William Shakespeare, too, followed this convention, producing 154 sonnets, many of which deal with the usual theme of love. Because the concept of love is in itself so immense, Shakespeare found several ways to capture the essence of his passion. Therefore, in his poetry he explored various methods and used them to describe the emotions associated with his love for a mysteriousRead MoreThe Movement Of The 18th And 17th Century Essay1526 Words   |  7 Pagesinside a poetic movement or community. Major poetic movements include Greek Poetry Schools (6th century BC), Provencal literature (11th-12th century), Silican court poets (mid 13th to early 14th centuries), Elizabeth and Romantican poets (late 16th- 17th century), American Transcendentalists, Paris expatriate (Surrealist) and Beat poets (20th Century). These movements have been fundamental to change the course of poetry in and out of their eras. This essay will be a critical literature review ofRead MoreDicussion of the Purpose of Shakespeares Sonnet 181129 Words   |  5 Pages Shakespeares collection of sonnets is heralded as one of the greatest, most ambitious sonnet collections in English literature. Of these154 sonnets, the first 126 of them are addressed to a fair youth, a beatiful young man, with whom Shakespeare has developed an intimate friendship. The overarching theme of devotion in antimony to mortality denotes that â€Å"Sonnet 18† is predominantly a love poem. Accordingly the purpose of the poem seems initially to be to compare his beloved friends handsomnessRead MoreShakespeare 130th Sonnet Analysis1464 Words   |  6 PagesSonnets are rhymed poems consisting of fourteen lines, it is divided into two different lines, the first eight lines making up the octet and the other last six lines being the sestet. The Shakespearean sonnet however differs from the Petrarchian sonnets and the Spenserian sonnet, it ends with a rhymed couplet and follows the rhyme scheme. Therefore, the octet and sestet structure can be unconventionally divided in to three quatrains with alternating rhymes concluding in a rhymed couplet. Till present

White Settlement Free Essays

â€Å"What was the impact on White Settlement on Indigenous life between 1788- 1861? Describe the meeting of two cultures that we see in Bennelong and William Buckley. † 1. Early years in Sydney- Arthur Phillip and Bennelong In 1788, led by Captain Arthur Phillip (Australia’s first governor), the Europeans had arrived in Australia with the first fleet. We will write a custom essay sample on White Settlement or any similar topic only for you Order Now They saw no sign of life and had no idea that the Indigenous people had been living in Australia for thousands even tens of thousands of years. But the Indigenous people were very aware that they had come and were deeply fascinated by them. At first they thought they were ghosts or evil spirits but they soon realized that these white-skinned and strangely-dressed people were planning to stay, and that they were. These â€Å"white-skinned’ people were in fact convicts who was shipped to do hard laborious work for their committed crime. Life before Europeans had settled in Australia was a very different place. There was either clear land and/or lots of bush. There were no boats, building or roads, in fact the Indigenous people probably had no idea there was such thing. This was probably why Arthur Phillip presumed the land could be theirs because no-one held sovereign right. But the Indigenous people were living there. The Indigenous people lived happily and peacefully with guidance from their elders who knew local dream time stories and customs. They comfortable living together, helping and sharing with one another and stayed alive by eating animals and berries from the bush. They didn’t need fancy clothes, building or roads unlike the Europeans to live a good life. On the 25 November 1789, Captain Arthur Phillip, captured elder Bennelong and used him as a way to learn about the language and customs of the indigenous people. Bennelong willingly liaised between the cultures, and adopted European dress and other ways. 2. Victoria- Buckley and batman After convict William Buckley’s escape from the Victorian settlement he was discovered by the Wathaurang people who thought this pale, 198cm giant carrying a spear was the ghost of one of their leaders. Buckley had arrived at Port Phillip Bay from England in 1803 with about 300 soldiers, settlers and convicts after being sentenced to transportation for life. Before the European settlement was abandoned, Buckley escaped. He wandered alone for weeks before he was befriended by the Wathaurang people. Over the next 32 years Buckley lived with the Wathaurang, learnt their language and customs, married and had a daughter. In 1835 he finally emerged to meet Batman’s colonising party and tried to work as an intermediary between settlers and aborigines, but felt he wasn’t trusted by either. 3. Overview of their decline and dispossession of land Victoria was originally the home to many Indigenous tribes that had been living there for a long period of time. Although when the Europeans settled in Australia Batman planned to negotiate his way into ‘buying’ the land of the Indigenous people. Once Batman arrived in Victoria he approached the local Indigenous leaders with a contract, to ‘buy’ their land. His negotiations were successful, and he walked away with 240,000 hectares of prime farming terrain – almost all of the Kulin nation’s ancestral land even though they were technically not eligible to sell the land as it wasn’t really their land. However the transaction went ahead, and it was agreed that batman was to on a annual basis, give them 40 blankets, 30 axes, 100 knives, 50 scissors, 30 mirrors, 200 handkerchiefs, 100 pounds of flour and 6 shirts in exchange for the land. Because of this transaction between the Indigenous People and Batman the majority of Victoria’s population is, as the Indigenous people originally called us, â€Å"white-skinned†. How to cite White Settlement, Essay examples

Education and Equality free essay sample

This article discusses various lawsuits filed as advocates try to advance the cause of equal funding for education in the U. S. Demetrio Rodriguez began his fight for reform in 1969 as the chief plaintiff in a suit against the Edgewood Independent School District in San Antonio, Texas. In that year, he and a group of parents filed suit to protest the lack of funding for the schools their children attended. Appealing the decision in favor of the district, they took their case to the U. S. Supreme Court in 1973. The case became a rallying point for school reform across the country. In the ears following the filing of the suit, their battle cry is a simple one: the inequalities in funding between public school systems must be eliminated if quality education for all is to be guaranteed. Lawsuits filed throughout the U. S. are meeting with a margin of success as they try to advance the cause of equal funding for education. Charging that states fail to provide a school system that offers proper instruction, the suits are forcing state governments to reconsider public school funding. While Ohio faces a complete overhaul of the school funding system, other states face the challenge of apital funding for the construction of new schools. The most visible element of the issue, have become the focus of many court battles, most notably that of Arizona. Demetrio Rodriguez sits in his San Antonio, Texas, nome surrounded by memories. Certificates and photos chart the 25 years Rodriguez has spent fighting the cause of school finance reform. From state capitols to popular talk shows, he has become a strong voice behind the movement to improve the nations schools. Rodriguez began his fght for reform in 1969 as the chief plaintiff in a suit against the Edgewood Independent School District in San Antonio. In that year, he and a group of parents filed suit to protest the lack of funding for the schools their children attended. Appealing the decision in favor of the district, they took their case to the U. S. Supreme Court in 1973. In San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez, 411 U. S. 1 (1973), the court ruled in a 5-4 decision that education was not a fundamental right under the federal constitution and that students did not have the right to attend schools funded on the same level as a nearby wealthier district. The case became a rallying point for school reform across the country. In the years following Rodriguez, parents and advocates have filed suit in over 30 states. Their battle cry is a simple one: The inequalities in funding between public school systems must be eliminated if quality education for all is to be guaranteed. Gains have been made. Litigation in Rodriguezs home state of Texas prompted the creation of Robin Hood laws that reallocate funding from higher to lower income school districts. But change is hard to notice at the Edgewood school located across the street from Rodriguezs home. The kids who attend school in my district still have classrooms in portable uildings, he said. Many times teachers are forced to buy crayons and other supplies out of their own pockets. Rodriguez added that while conditions have changed, great disparities still exist. These kids have an improved opportunity to get a proper education, but we have a long way to go. Currently in the state of Texas a $20,000 gap exists in the amount of funding per classroom between the richest and poorest school districts. The Robin Hood laws, which have helped create some gains, are now threatened with elimination by a tax bill being considered in the state legislature. Indeed, Rodriguez, now a grandfather, still has a long way to go in his fght for change. l have great hopes for my grandchildren, he said. But we are still going to have to come up with solutions for these issues if we want to ensure their future. The fght to ensure such a future is gaining support from distinct sectors of American society. From Arizona to New Jersey, groups including attorneys, business representatives and teachers are Joining forces. Like Rodriguez, many are turning to the state courts in an effort create change in their communities. Decisions for Change Lawsuits filed throughout the United States are meeting with a margin of success as they try to advance the cause of equal funding for education. Charging that states fail to provide a school system that offers proper instruction, the suits are forcing state governments to reconsider public school funding. In Abbott v. Burke, M-622-96, the New Jersey Supreme Court decided in May that the legislature must close existing gaps between the poorest and richest school districts in the state by September of this year. The 5 to 1 decision is a final win for a court battle that began in 1985. David Sciarra, attorney for the plaintiffs, said the suit challenged existing legislation that leaves a 000 per pupil gap in tunding. Not only do the current laws not eliminate the gap, but they actually allow it to grow in future budgets, he said. Under the present regulation, the urban districts will only be given funding to maintain a foundation level while suburban districts will be allowed to grow. The disparities will actually remain and widen, he continued. The decision ordered New Jersey to provide funding for future growth over foundation levels. In addition, it andated that poor districts be provided funding for supplemental programs. Supplemental programs, according to Sciarra, will help bring students up to the levels of their counterparts in wealthier districts. We are not satisfied with a 10 percent gap, he commented. We want to get funding to a point where schools are comparable in terms of programs and facilities available. While New Jersey attempts to close the final gap, other states continue to follow their lead. In a similar decision, the Supreme Court of Ohio ruled in March of this year that the current system of state funding was unconstitutional. The 4-3 decision in DeRolph v. State of Ohio, 78 Ohio State 3d 193, stated that the system violated the state constitution by not providing a thorough and efficient system of common schools. It overruled a previous 1979 decision that ruled that the funding system was constitutional. According to the majority opinion, the allocation formula and other school funding factors have caused or permitted vast wealth disparities among schools, depriving students in 500 public school districts of high quality educational opportunities. Nicholas Pittner, chief counsel for the plaintiff, noted the circumstances surrounding he case had a great impact on the decision. Some of these schools are extremely dark and dangerous, he said. The inadequacies reached such an extent that they were impressive enough to sway the decision of the court. The court ruled that the state has a year to come up with a new system to fund the education of Ohios 1. 8 million students. The remedy for the now unconstitutional system rests with a committee consisting of the governor, members of the state legislature, the state superintendent of public instruction and the budget director. Experts in the case say they expect some form of action on the issue this fall. Rick Dickinson, general counsel for the Ohio School Boards Association, said over reliance on property taxes was cited by the court as a contributing factor to the failure of the system. Local property taxes could be part of the new funding system, but not the total source of revenue, he explained. While Ohio faces a complete overhaul of the school funding system, other states face the challenge of capital funding for the construction of new schools. The most visible element of the issue, old and poorly maintained buildings, have become the focus of many court battles, most notably that of Arizona. After three years of litigation, the state faces its fourth suit in a search to fund the replacement of aging school buildings. Still lacking basic facilities, many schools in Arizonas poor districts require major renovations to bring them up to code. A 1994 decision from the Arizona Supreme Court ruled the states funding formula unconstitutional. In Roosevelt v Bishop, 877 P. d 806 (1994), the court ruled the state funding formula unconstitutional and mandated that the state government come up with a new formula. Later decisions gave the state a deadline of the summer of 1998 to resolve the issue. Plaintiffs say $1 billion will be needed. The legislature has offered $370 million over the next 10 years and $32 million in perpetuity to poor school districts. Fite Symington nas as ed k the courts to rule the otter sufficient to resolve t he issue. Opponents contend the amount will not begin to keep up with growth in the states schools. Tim Hogan, attorney representing 72 school districts named as plaintiffs, said the offer does not come close to complying with the decision. Thirty million dollars builds about 4 schools a year in Arizona, he explained. The offer is being contested because it still has a heavy reliance on roperty tax and only adds funding to bottom end schools. Hogan said if the state government fails to distribute money to the schools by the deadline of next summer, kids will be the big losers. What is disappointing to me is that our willingness to cooperate in this effort has not led to complete reform, he added. While Hogan hopes the court turns down the request for approval, representatives from the governors office say the current offer satisfies the courts decision. C. Diane Bishop, former Arizona superintendent of public instruction and now an adviser to Symington, said the current offer combined with a cap on spending for high wealth districts will bring disparities down toa satisfactory level. Equality was not an issue in the decision, she added. A solution where some disparities still exists is acceptable according to the ruling. As the State of Arizona hammers out the resolution to its school finance problem, the rest of the nation looks on with both fear and excitement. The uncharted territory of school finance reform causes activists and bureaucrats alike to shudder as they attempt to redesign systems that have been in lace for decades. And as many find out, victory in the courts is followed by the lengthy and sometimes defeating process of policy-making. Solutions for Today At the center of such policy-making lies the inescapable definition of standards. At what level do states have to fund education to make it efficient? How are such levels determined? John Augenblick, a Denver consultant who has worked in school finance system reform for the past 20 years, said the standards that work the best focus on the needs of students instead of the amount of money available to fund education. Foundation levels are typically politically determined based on funding available, he continued. States need to develop target levels with more information than available revenue. Augenblick said more states are setting objectives for education rather than setting goals based on resources available. We see states setting objectives and creating measurement systems to see if goals are being met, he said. Then funding is sought based on meeting those goals. Sighting recent school reform legislation in Mississippi, Augenblick said that states success lies in the trategy pursued in defining standards. Mississippis goal was to have all school districts accredited at the highest levels based on a series of outcomes, Augenbli ck continued. The funding spent on students in districts that were achieving these levels were then used in developing the standards for the rest of the state. He said while there is much work left to be done, the future of school financing does hold promise. There has been improvement and states are now building systems that are standing up in the courts, Augenblick added. One of the states he said provides the ost secure example of school finance reform is Kentucky. In Council for Better Education v. collins, NO. 85-Cl-1759, slip op. at 11 (Franklin cty. Ct. , KY. May 31, 1988), the Kentucky Supreme Court not only ruled the school funding system unconstitutional, but went on to declare the entire state school system unconstitutional. Chiet Justice Robert Stevens, who wrote the majority opinion in the case, said the evidence compelled the court to go beyond the funding issue. Although the original lawsuit dealt only with financial inequity, it became obvious that the whole system needed reform, he said. Indeed, the evidence was compelling. At the time of the case, Kentucky ranked 50th in the nation in adult literacy and high school completion, 49th in the number of four-year college graduates and 48th in spending on elementary education. In 1990 the state passed the Kentucky Education Reform Act (KERA). Since then the state has completely revamped its methods of instruction. The results hold promise. Teachers salaries have increased 28 percent statewide. According to state records, student performance in reading, writing, mathematics, science and social studies increased 9 percent between 1992 and 1994. It is going to take more than eight or nine years to undo what it took 100 years to build, Justice Stevens added. But the system is a great deal better than it was. Kentucky legislators said the 22 percent increase in taxes necessary to pay for KERA was accepted by Kentuckians because of the seriousness of the disparities. Michael Maloney, a former Kentucky legislator involved in KERA, said while there was some objection to the bill when it was being considered, the majority of the state viewed it as necessary. No legislator who voted or the tax increase was defeated on that issue in the next election, he said. As lon g as the voters knew that the money was going to public education, they were for it. Jack Moreland, former superintendent of the Dayton Kentucky Independent School District, said the state now has a clear sense of where the education system will be heading. We have a defined twenty-year road map which sets precise goals and lays out how the goals will be reached, he explained. Those familiar with KERA caution that the full impact will not be felt until an entire group of students start and finish nder the program. But if the initial information is any indication, the states reform package is achieving change other states may grow to envy. While the Kentucky solution shows the possibilities of education finance reform, the current situation in states like Colorado shows Just how far finance reform has yet to go. Rapid growth in the state has brought over 100,000 new students into Colorado, while a lack of increased funding has caused per-pupil expenditures to drop. Colorado Bill H. C. R. 1004 makes it difficult to increase funding in the states school districts. A cap rohibits the legislature from raising spending more than six percent annually. This makes it impossible for schools to keep up with the growth in enrollment and inflation. Phil Fox, associate director of the Colorado Association of School Executives, said the current situation will drive the quality of education down in a time when the economy is flourishing. We are choking on our own success, he continued. The growth is going to make schools increasingly dependent on the state for funding at a time when the legislature is limiting what they can do for students. As the state egislature struggles to find a solution, few see one on the horizon. A proposal to end school reliance on property taxes failed to win approval from the legislature in the first session of 1997. Activists point out that certain language in the state constitution make successful litigation in Colorado difficult. Fox said Colorado might take years to resolve the finance problem in their state. School reform has never been for the short winded, he added. If Foxs analogy is correct, many states are coming up for air The Illinois Legislature killed Senate Bill 645, which would nave decreased a eliance on property taxes for public school funding and set up a system to equalize school funding through other tax sources. Indeed, the road to reaching school funding solutions is a long process. For Rodriguez, the process brings frustration. l get angry when I think that our country can spend billions in aid on other nations while our kids receive low quality education, he said. The next generation will suffer if we fail to take action today,

Social Classes in the Philippines Essay Sample free essay sample

Maginoo – This comprises of the aristocracy of the early caste system. which largely refers to the governing category of Datus. Rajahs and their households. A datu with power over a big country held the rubric Lakan or Rajah. The Datu is a leader. a go-between in differences. and was responsible for the public assistance of the people within his legal power. Work force and adult females of this category were by and large referred to with the respectful rubric of Ginoo. Individually. the footings. Gat. significance Lord. or Dayang. intending Lady. preceded by their names. The rubric of Datu ( Sultanante ) can be acquired through blood line of descent or if a common man showed exceeding accomplishments particularly in Acts of the Apostless of courage and gallantry. Timawa – The timawa category were free common mans of Luzon and the Visayas who could have their ain land and who did non hold to pay a regular testimonial to a Maginoo. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Classes in the Philippines Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page though from clip to clip. be obliged to work on a datu’s land and aid in community undertakings and events. They were free to alter their commitment to another datu if they married into another community or if they decided to travel. Maharlika – The Tagalog maharlika rendered military service to the datu at his ain disbursal and shared with his leader the spoils of war. They by and large have the same rights and duties as a timawa. This category disappeared sometime in the 1630’s when the Spaniards were able to unite diverse affinity groups ( Rodriguez. 1998 ) . Alipin – These were prisoners of war. those unable to pay their debts. all illicit kids ; those purchased. and punished felons. In the Visayas. an alipin was called oripun. They are divided into two types: †¢ Aliping Namamahay – had his ain household. small house and batch. and served the maestro during planting and reaping season or in the building of houses. †¢ Aliping Sagigilid – those who are populating with the maestro. had no belongings. and could non get married without the master’s consent. The sagigilid. ; nevertheless. could purchase his freedom in gold.

The Marriage Contract Essay Example

The Marriage Contract Essay Example The Marriage Contract Essay The Marriage Contract Essay A wedding is something that most little girl’s dream of having one day. The perfect dress, the perfect flowers, and the perfect man is what they see their wedding day consisting of. The wedding is the beginning of marriage, and there are certain things that I would like from my dream man so that we can have a â€Å"perfect† marriage. A marriage, to me, is a relationship between two equal beings who want to spend their rest of their lives together. I believe that both of us should be treated equal in the relationship, and the power is split between us. . I believe it is important to have a marriage contract between my future husband and I because I would like to see if we believe in the same things. Do we see eye to eye or close to on how we want the household run or do we want children? As we get older, we’ll probably need to redo the contract to fit our changing lifestyle. We’ll probably need one for how we want to raise our children and how the household duties will be run when we have children running around. Another time we may need to revise it is if we get to busy for each other. I would like to still have a marriage when I have children. I see how some people forget about their spouses because they get so involved with work and children. There may be other times when we need to revise this marriage contract because our lives may change with children, a possible loss of a job, or anything that’s life altering which will cause a need to fix it. At this point in my life my marriage contract will state that I would like for us both to have solid jobs. I think it’s important to both have jobs so that neither of us is supporting each other. It’s possible when we have children this feeling may alter to work best for our lifestyle. For the time being though, I don’t want to be taking care of my husband, nor do I want him to take care of me. Since I would like to be a teacher, I shouldn’t have too many issues with my job being too demanding. If his job is more demanding than I’ like, I would want him to make up for it on his days off. If he had to travel a whole bunch I don’t know if I could continue the marriage, unless it was only for a short period of time. So that would have to be discussed if it ever came about. If his job caused him to move, I would agree to move with him after my school year was done. I on’t have a problem with moving around a lot if his job is pays well, because I would be willing to volunteer around the community rather than working a full time job. I want to be a part of something outside my marriage whether it’s job or volunteering. When it comes to friends, I think it’s very important to have friends who are couples. I grew up where my parents would always hang out with other couples and it really worked out nicely for them. They would go on two or three vacations a year with each other and if both of their families couldn’t make it for holidays we would all spend it together. I would want that for my marriage, so that I don’t feel like we can’t go out together with groups. I would also like to have to opportunity to have our friends over to our place. If we decide to go out separately, as a girls or guys night out, I would expect a text here and there about what’s going on and who they’re with. It would also depend on where the trust level is in the relationship, because that may change how one of us feels about the other going out. Another problem, if there is trust issues, is if we have friends of the opposite sex. I tend to have friends that are guys, so I would have to be okay with him having girls for friends. However, our best opposite sex friend should be each other. I once had a counselor who told my boyfriend and I that it’s okay to have friends of the opposite sex but they can never be your best friend because it never works out unless you marry your best friend. All in all, I want us to have friends outside of each other, because I feel that is a very important factor in maintain a healthy relationship. Religion is a huge part of my life, and I would like for my husband to be on the same page as me. I have no religion except for the belief in Agnosticism, but I love visiting new churches and speaking with members so I can understand more. One day, I would like to settle on some belief, possibly when children come into the picture, but I want to have similar beliefs. I was raised Christian, so I would like to think that one day I’ll go back to that train of thought, so I would like him to possibly know Christianity. I want us both to be open minded when it comes to religion, and I do not want a man who pushes his religion on me. When we have down time, such as the weekend, I would like us to have some things we do together and some we do separate. I think it’s important to have our own identity where we have different interest, but I also think it’s important to have things we enjoy doing together. As for vacations, I don’t believe they should be taken without each other, unless it’s to see our family. I believe vacations are meant for single people or families, and if you looking to enjoy yourself, you can do so with your spouse. If both of us are working, I think we should have separate accounts and one shared account. Every pay check we put a set amount in our own account that we get to spend on whatever we’d like. Then we put the rest of our pay check into a shared account and with that money we pay our bills. Any extra money in that account is only usable if we both agree on what it’s being spent on. With this set up we have our own money and we both contribute to paying for our expenses. No one can get mad about unnecessary spending, such as video games or brunch with the girls. As for credit cards, we have separate ones that we pay for out of our own account. If one of us needs to borrow money I’d be more than willing to help them, unless they were out of control with their own spending. I don’t want to deal with someone who isn’t finically stable or at least knows how to control their spending. Household chores aren’t very important to me. I don’t mind cleaning and I don’t mind picking up after someone else. The only time it would play a major role is when I cleaning for something or someone and I want to clean very well. I would expect help around the house if someone was coming to visit or if we were having a party, but even then I wouldn’t care if I did most of the work. I’m not concerned when it comes to household responsibilities, so I’d be willing to take that responsibility on. I want to find someone who wants to start having kids before the age of thirty-five. I don’t really have a preference at this point in time on how many kids I want, but I would like to find someone open-minded and not set on what they want. As long as my partner is willing to negotiate about how many children we want and when they want them I will be willing to find a medium with him. When raising our children I would like to maintain a more authoritative parenting style. I would like my husband to have the same style or close to. I do not want a man who cannot connect with his children, and I also do not want a man who wants to be his child’s friend. I feel like there needs to be a middle ground. I also don’t want my kids to think I’m the push over or think I’m the bad cop compared to their dad. I want them to see us as an equal parent because I think it’s important to raise a strong family. I love moving and traveling so I wouldn’t mind moving around a whole bunch the only objection I would have is I couldn’t live in a small town. A small suburb would be fine, but no country towns. If we didn’t move a lot I would want a house or a large apartment. I want animals so a place for them to run around is important to me. Ideally I would like to live somewhere in Europe or Canada, but if that’s not an option living anywhere cold is what I want the most. I also don’t want to find ourselves ever moving in with other family members, because I feel like you need to make it on your own. I’m not too particular on the living arrangements as long as we can agree that living in the heat is not an option unless we move a lot. My husband is my husband and I am his wife. We do not share each other with other people and I have no desire to explore other options. So if that’s what he wants than I would have to end things. I think also if that it’s something he believes in but would be willing to change I would still end things because it shows he doesn’t respect the monogamy of marriage and would easily slip up. Anything outside of monogamy is just not an option for me. If an abortion was necessary or unnecessary I would want my husband to be okay with it like I am. If he did what I wanted I would feel fully responsible for taking a child’s life. If he was against it I would feel pressured to give birth to a child I wasn’t ready for. There are just too many different situations that could occur that I would want my husband to feel open to the idea of abortion if it was needed. I could never be with someone who didn’t want pets or at least allow me to have pets. I don’t want a zoo but I don’t want to feel like I can’t own a pet if I want one. I have a dog currently who is an inside dog and if my husband wasn’t okay with that, I wouldn’t be okay with him. Animals are a huge part of my life and I wouldn’t be with someone without them. When it comes to in-laws, I don’t want to live with them and I don’t want them to live with me. I feel like it causes too much stress on the relationship which will lead to problems in the relationship. I also don’t think it’s healthy for the relationship between parent and child. So unless it’s necessary that they move in then it’s not an option for me. If I was put on life support I would want to be let go because of the financial struggle to will cause my husband and the pain it will cause us both to suffer. If he was put on life support I would ask what he wants before it happens and try to follow his wishes. I can’t say I’ll be strong enough to let him go because I’ve never been through it, but I would hope I can be strong enough for him. On thing that is very important to me is traveling. Traveling is something I’ve always wanted to do and I want to find someone with that same passion. If they had no interest in it or didn’t have to the funds I don’t know if I could make things work because I think it’s import to find someone who shares your dreams. If they don’t share dreams with you, you may grow to resent them. I want to enjoy my life traveling and exploring with my husband so we can grown together. These are most if not all the things I would like to be present in my marriage, and I hope to find someone who is on the same page as me. If they don’t agree on most if not all I’ll have to make the decision between changing my views or possibly finding someone else who meets more to my needs. Finding someone you care about and someone who agrees on your points of view is important to marriage.

Macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Macroeconomics - Essay Example We begin by defining fiscal policy and monetary policy. The study later provides a description of the IS/LM model in section 3 and finally, an explanation of the crowding out effect using the IS/LM model. The last part of the paper will relate the crowding out effect to the real world particularly the UK as the Bank of England uses it as a fiscal policy tool. Fiscal policy refers to a situation whereby the government restores equilibrium in the economy by making changes to taxes or government expenditure on public goods and services (Smullen and Hand, 2005). When there is under-utilisation of capacity, the government can increase capacity utilisation by reducing taxes (that is through a reduction in tax rates or tax base) or by increasing spending on public goods and services as well as subsidising the production of certain goods and services (Smullen and Hand, 2005; Visser, 2004) Fiscal policy aimed at increasing money supply is referred to as easy fiscal policy (Smullen and Hand 2005). On the other hand, when there is over-utilisation of capacity, the government either increases taxes (through and increase in tax rates or tax bases) or reduces spending on public goods and services (Black 2002). It also reduces subsidies and transfer payments. This type of fiscal policy is referred to as tight fiscal policy (Black 2002). Monetary policy is referred to as a means by which the central bank tries to sway the economy to equilibrium by influencing the supply of money (Black 2002). This is achieved through four main approaches, which include: printing more money; direct controls over money held by the money sector; open market operations and influencing the interest rate. Both tight and easy monetary policies can also be identified. Like easy fiscal policy, easy monetary policy is one whereby the central bank embarks on a policy to increase the supply of money. On the other

Marketing - Exam on Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marketing - Exam on Marketing - Essay Example The role of integrated marketing communication is to use advertising as a means of creating a sound and meaningful relationship between the business and the specific audience the business is trying to reach. II. While integrated marketing communication is a complex field, there are a number of specific IMC drivers. The primary drivers of integrated marketing communications include message clutter. Another notable driver is the need for consistency in brand differentiation. One considers that in organizations such as Coca-Cola this is evident in that a single logo and advertising campaign that are implemented for set periods. Still, other drivers are evolving technology and forming transaction to relationships. One considers that there are a variety of specific examples where these elements occur. In terms of evolving technology the Internet has presented many news ways companies can improve transaction to relationships and a fusion of entertainment to consumption. Among the most prom inent recent examples include advertising specifically tailored to the customer and email marketing campaigns. Domino’s Pizza, for instance, recently developed an advertising campaign where if individuals clicked on their Facebook page they were eligible for a discounted pizza. There are a variety of different IMC communication tools. Different tools have different uses. These tools creative a hierarchy of effects. Promotional tools are one prominent example. These tools must be developed so the target audience receives a message that is consistent throughout. For example, a business should use similar marketing designs and slogans throughout the organization so the customer comes to identify these elements with the business. This has become a prominent element of major corporations such as Starbucks and Coca-Cola. Other prominent marketing tools include publication relations, personal selling, and sales and promotion. In addition there are internal elements, including accoun tability where the organization considers cost elements. Another important consideration is integrated marketing communication from a managing perspective. Most importantly, IMC can be a challenging management task, as it involves a number of elements within the business. It follows that management must be highly coordinated in instituting these new forms of advertising inline with new forms of technology and communication. Today nearly all major corporate elements, one considers Wal-Mart, have a social media presence. There are a number of barriers to IMC. Many of these can be considered along a spectrum. For instance, talent and skills are potential barriers within the business. Other major barriers include control and coordination issues, business culture challenges, and modification challenges. There are a variety of advantages and disadvantages to IMC. The primary advantage is that IMC implements an approach to advertising that directly targets consumers with specific interests . This allows for more effective communication and a competitive advantage through more efficient marketing. In terms of disadvantages, there is a greater advertising burden placed on the organization. This increased burden also involves bureaucratic procedures and a uniformity of style and message. In conclusion, integrated marketing communication constitutes a new and highly adaptive form of advertising and marketing. The approach involves a comprehensive and customer centric approach to

Biography Mary Wollstonecraft 1759-1797 Research Paper

Biography Mary Wollstonecraft 1759-1797 - Research Paper Example Together with Arden, they attended classes by Arden’s father and studied absorbing books (Taylor, 2003). Work In 1783, she helped her sister Eliza escape from an abusive marriage. Together they established a school at Newington Green where she acted as a schoolteacher and a headmistress. It was at this time that she began her literary work and wrote the book â€Å"Thought on Education of Daughters: With reflection on Female Conduct, In the More important Duties of Life†. In 1787, she was appointed the governess of the Kingsborough household. She was dismissed, since she had discrepancies with the Lady of Kingsborough, but the children liked her. This experience inspired her to write the book Original Stories from Real life. After her dismissal she moved to London to focus more on her career as an author. She was unhappy with the limited employment opportunities that were there for poor yet dignified women. In London, she learnt German and French, which helped her in tra nslating texts. She also wrote book reviews in the periodical Analytical Reviews. These experiences opened a wide field of intellectual material to her. It gave her a chance to interact with great philosophers, such as William Godwin, and political radicals, such as Thomas Paine (Taylor, 2003). Private life When in London, Mary had a relationship with an artist Henry Fusseli, who was by then married. She proposed a nonsexual relationship with Henry and his wife, but his wife was dismayed by that idea. Henry had to break off relations with Wollstonecraft. After this incidence, she traveled to French to experience the atmosphere of the French revolution personally. Here, she fell in love with Gilbert Imlay; this romantic relationship culminated in her getting pregnant with her first child. Gilbert was not bent on settling down in marriage, left Wollstonecraft in France and went to London. Mary’s work at this time reflected her loneliness and depression of a woman caught up by a revolution, both external and internal. She followed Gilbert to London but he rejected her. She made an attempted suicide, but Gilbert rescued her. She attempted to save her relationship with Gilbert by going on a dangerous trip to win a business deal for him; unfortunately, he never took her back. She made a second suicidal attempt by jumping into the fast running river Thames but was rescued by a stranger. According to her, the attempts to commit suicide were very rational. She later got into a romantic relationship with Godwin and got expectant. She married him so that the baby would not be illegitimate. The couple moved to two separate adjoining houses in order to retain their independence and communicated through letters. Godwin wrote memoirs that vividly portrayed the negative side of Mary's character, including her attempted suicides, illegitimate children and shaky private life. Though he was writing this being in love with his wife, it actually represented Wollstonecraft i n an unfavorable light. Wollstonecraft's death In September 30 1797, Wollstonecraft delivered her second born. The placenta ruptured and became infected. Wollstonecraft was in agony for several days and finally died September 10 the same year (Taylor, 2003). Contribution to philosophy Her efforts were aimed towards fighting for the rights of women. In the Vindication of the Rights of

Hoods by Angelia Betzien | Analysis

Hoods by Angelia Betzien | Analysis Hoods is an Epic theatre play, written by Angelia Betzien, directed by Leticia Caceres and composed by Pete Goodwin which is about domestic abuse. The plot is about three children, Kyle, Jessie and baby Troy, left behind in the car by their mother, who desperately had to leave everything after the abuse she had from her husband. The current issue of domestic violence is expertly dealt with in the Epic theatre style play Hoods, This will be demonstrated throughout an analysis of narration, direct address to the audience, episodic structure, fragmentary costumes and props, multiple roles, use of costume and lighting and soundtrack. Narration, a convention of Epic theatre, is used in Hoods thereby making it a strong example of political theatre. This technique is often used by actors to describe the scene to the audience to tell them what is happening. This is used as a Alienation, or called by Bertolt Brecht as the Distancing Effect , to encourage the audience to retain their critical detachment and have them thinking about the issue, which in the Hoods is domestic violence. In the play this is seen when the father kills the cat with a plastic bag, Jesse asks for a hug from a teacher, and at the end when they tell the of the story. The two actors projected their voice in sync and acted on stage while narrating. This has made a strong distancing effect to the audience as it addressed the audience of the play without actually having them being involved in the play emotionally. Narration was used throughout the play to express a much more powerful message to the audience by having the audience remained focused on what was happening rather than feeling it. Direct address is a commonly used technique used in Epic theatre for the actor to have a direct address to the audience to prepare the audience for a scene change. Brecht has employed direct address to the audience too express the message more clearly . Betzien made the play to have scene changes as often as possible to distance the audience emotionally from the play from the sensitive subject of domestic abuse. This effect has got the audience thinking and reflect on what is happening. The actors personally address the audience what the scene is, quite often speaking in sync. They explained their ability to pause, rewind and fast forward the story. With that throughout the play, they intentionally swap scenes in a blink of an eye to get the audience to focus on the new thing that is happening. The two actors always gave a direct address to the audience to have them focus. Direct address was sufficiently used throughout the play to reflect Epic Theatre and has expressed a much more p owerful message to the audience. Brecht used episodic structure in his plays because it distanced the audience from being emotional involved with the play. He wanted his views to be seen, heard but not felt as people would not think about the message if it if the audience were emotionally drawn in. Epic theatre has since incorporated episodic structure into the style to distance the audience from being emotionally attached. In Hoods it is used to explain the story of the childrens life, the abused life they have lived and the desperation of Jesse to find affection and safety. Caceres has made the actors to have scene changes to shift the audiences attention from the emotion and have them focusing on the new scene. Most occasions the new scene change was to show the progress prior to where the children got in the car, the abuse the mother coped from the father. This gives the audience the message of the play that it is about domestic abuse Episodic Structure was sufficiently used throughout the play to reflect Epic T heatre and has expressed a much more powerful message to the audience. Throughout the play the two actors change costumes and change props whenever a new scene takes place. This is done to done to get the audience to focus on the new character and scene to follow the story. It also invoked humour in the scenes that which distanced the audience to being detached from feeling the play but listen instead. During, before or after a direct address, narration and scene change, the actors change their costumes by taking off their hood, put on a hat or hold a prop. An example of a prop used in the play is the fairy wand Jesse held. Another example is Kyles hat, whenever the actor wore it, they instantly know it is Kyle. This has an effect on the play because it makes it easier to follow because the costumes identify the character distinctively. The effect of clear character by the use of voice and only one costume/prop makes the play more stronger. This is done so the audience will focus and listen to find out who the character is. This distances the audience f rom an emotional connection with the actors so they focus on the play. The soundtrack and lighting worked together hand in hand when the action on stage tensed up. An example is the end scene when Jesse got Kyle to leave the car with her to call for help. This worked really well due to the tension building music which got the audience to listen more and involved in the issue on stage. This has made an amazing effect on the play due to the after effects of the play made the audience reflect the story and issue afterwards. This was done to build the tension on stage and provoke the audience to pay attention. The lighting with the soundtrack created an atmosphere to which grew the tension. An example is when one actor was telling the story of the cat, the lighting was dark and the music was dark ambience. This created the tension that focused the audience on the story and was made because it distanced the audience from being emotionally attached. The current issue of domestic violence is expertly dealt with in the Epic theatre style play Hoods by the use of dramatic languages: narration, direct address, episodic structure, fragmentary props and costumes and soundtrack and lightening that has given the play the strong message to the audience without them emotionally attached to it.

The Columbian Exchange: Between the Old World and New World Essay

The Columbian Exchange is a global exchange of goods and ideas between the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa) and the New World (America). When Columbus first discovered America, Spain wanted to set up colonies. Columbus found some people that he named â€Å"Indians.† They colonies started to trade with each other, and by doing do, they started the Columbian Exchange. Many countries were involved in this trade, including China, Africa and Italy. This exchange of new ideas, traditions, food, religion and diet changed cultures everywhere. The Native Americans gave and received many items. One of the most important items that the Indians received was horses. Before horses, Indians had no way of carrying heavy loads from place to place. When the Europeans arrived in America, they gave them th...

A correct view of women precis

Women must always be pleased by the work of a man in order to strengthen his character and image and be a helping hand to him, but not a second brain. Argument Structure: -Chesterfield constructs his argument using Logos to get his son to share the same point of view as him. -Although he argues that women are meant to keep men company and construct their character, he believes that women can't make Important decisions due to their lack of growth. -They are only children of a larger population without a solid reasoning or good sense.Chesterfield notes that to keep women, you must make them feel they are contributing to a man's declension, but this Is only a mask of flattery because man already has their declension made. -Compliments must be given, varying on the women. Conclusion: Although Chesterfield's views seem very cynical and outdated, I still see the points he made as a significance part In modern treatment of women. Many lobs require making critical decisions go to men. I beli eve that this is because as Chesterfield mentions, women do not have solid reasoning or good sense.I do not Greer with this but do think this was a large view in the past generations for some cultures that has subtly passed down the generations. As for flattering women, from observation, most women do enjoy being complimented. I see this more general though; I would believe everyone likes being complimented, both men and women. Chesterfield mentions that women shape a man's character, and with this I do agree. Well presented women give their husband a better image by far than sloppy and lazy women. Overall I would say Chesterfield's idea are very concentrated, but we do see the diluted form nowadays.

In this report I will be speaking about how managing the resources of an organisation and effective budgetary control can lead to improved performance of a business Essays

In this report I will be speaking about how managing the resources of an organisation and effective budgetary control can lead to improved performance of a business Essays In this report I will be speaking about how managing the resources of an organisation and effective budgetary control can lead to improved performance of a business Essay In this report I will be speaking about how managing the resources of an organisation and effective budgetary control can lead to improved performance of a business Essay Essay Topic: Public Speaking Subject: How managing the resources of the organisation and effective budgetary control can improve the performance of a business. Introduction: In this report I will be speaking about how managing the resources of an organisation and effective budgetary control can lead to improved performance of a business. Findings/ Main Body: As I have talked about with you before, managing the resources of an organisation and looking closely at its budgetary control is absolutely vital in business. It improves performance over every department and gives the business management team a clear view on where they can expand and develop in the future. Every public limited company that allows people to buy shares within their business must publish their accounts so that investors can see how well they are doing and judge whether or not to buy their shares on the stock exchange. All the top dog companies have a clear view on their resources and budgets; this is evident from Tesco who have lists of all their resources and a clear cash flow all on one financial statement. They made profits of over  £2 billion in 2005 and this tells us that managing budgets and resources well really does improve businesses performance. Managing resources of an organisation improves performance as it gives more cash flow, providing you cut back on unnecessary resources; this gives more to re-invest or to pay off liabilities. E.g. If John Lewis had  £4600 of current assets and  £3600 of current liabilities then they would have a working capital of  £1000. By managing the resources and cutting back on waste products, such as recycling paper, they can decrease the liabilities figure from  £3600 to  £3200. This gives them  £400 more working capital and add that to the previous amount of  £1000 you get  £1400 working capital. Working capital is essential to keep businesses active and trading, they need it to pay bills and avoid debt. Managing your resources and budgets well will increase your work capital and therefore increase the stability of your business. Managing the budgetary control effectively helps improve the performance of an organisation as, if you can mark up the break even point on a chart of business, you can identify the point where your business has sold enough products or service in order to cover your expenses. This is crucial information for any business trying to avoid losses, knowing the point that you break even is a good target to reach and keeps everyone in your organisation focused and therefore improves performance. Furthermore, the margin of safety can also be found in order to allow the business to work out the amount of units by which sales can fall before the business starts to make a loss. This improves the businesses performance in hard times such as the current recession as the management team know how much security they have until they start making a loss. An example of the margin of safety could be when John Lewis has 65 units and a break even point of 50 units. This gives them 15 units of lee way until they start making a loss. If you was to look at the break even point in more detail you could increase the point where your business breaks even by increasing the price of products. You would also have to, in return, consider how this will effect the sales figures and whether your business will still be selling. A wise option is to increase the price when the demand is high and the supply is low, this way you are virtually guaranteed on increasing the break even point and widening the margin of safety with the high level of sales. Another example of how managing the budgetary control and resources within a business helps improve performance is the effect of changes in fixed costs. When running a business there is fixed costs that are always the same, these include costs such as rent, insurance and road tax. Knowing the changes of your ‘fixed’ costs could save a lot of time and keep a more clear financial statement and management decisions. Say for example the government orders all insurance on cars to increase by 15%, this used to be a fixed cost however on the odd occasion it can change. Applying close attention to changes within ‘fixed’ costs can be crucial and will improve the performance of management decisions in the future as you have valid data to hand. The pricing in times like the recession for rent could always be changing and product prices can go up or down according to competitors within the marketing environment, using invalid information for predictions on what will hap pen with the business is suicidal and managing resources and budgets can cover this problem and in turn improve the companies performance by making accurate marketing decisions that will benefit the company. Also, in any recession businesses need to insure their safety by keeping reserves from the cash flow cycle for emergencies. An emergency could render anything from a downturn in the market to an offensive attack on your business premises, keeping reservations will help soften the effects of these situations. Business analysts recommend that reserves should be maintained which will allow the business to continue for at least three months in the event of an emergency. Also having a high liquidity figure helps, this is the ability to turn assets or stock into cash to be able to pay bills. Making reservations and emergency funds will improve performance in the long run in poor economic times and help see your business through, giving each department a limited budget to handle and giving limits on resources. The importance of costs and budgets is extremely high within any organisation that wants to do well. The advantages of managing your costs and budgets are that it is easier to have a constant cash flow, cash flow is vitally important within all businesses as it helps pay the bills whilst you await debtors to pay for your services. Another advantage of managing your costs and budgets is that it helps you avoid getting into debt as you always know how much you have to spend and whether you can afford certain assets or advertisements. If the costs and budgets are not monitored the company could be working at a loss, with the information in hand that you are losing money and not even making enough profit to cover costs you could, as a result, start dropping staff and maybe selling assets such as computers and vehicles that are, not necessarily not needed, but aren’t useful without the staff operating them. The business value will eventually decrease significantly as a result of an unmonitored financial system not checking the costs and budgets effectively. A good real life example of a company that manages its costs well is John Lewis. They manage their costs and budgets effectively by having a whole department of finance and numerous staff working under their command. Their job is to look at all the costs and budgets of the store that they are allocated to and to see whether an investment of new advertising or a new product is financially viable with their budget. This way they can avoid spending large amounts of money that the company doesn’t have. Also, it is clear that they manage their costs well as their financial statement for the half year leading up to August 2009 saw a profit of  £57 million profit. Another real life example of a company that doesn’t manage their costs well is the Lehman Brothers. I’m sure you have heard all about them on the news back in 2008 when they declared bankruptcy from investment banking. Their filing of being bankrupt was the biggest in U.S. history. They didn’t manage their costs well as they invested huge amounts of money in business that didn’t get a good return and also lost money by giving out loans to customers with poor credit ratings in order to bring in more money overall. They received little return on their loans as people couldn’t afford to pay them back, this in turn left a huge gap in their finance and is evidence that they should have managed their costs better by only lending to people with decent credit ratings. Conclusions: To sum up this and all the previous reports, the management of costs, budgets and resources all work co-ordinately to improve overall business performance. This is done in many ways but mainly in that it increases the break even point, the margin of safety and can reduce overheads significantly, this all results to greater profits which is the core of all non-charitable organisations therefore making the management of resources and budgets vitally important. Recommendation: My recommendation to anyone who starts up a business is to make sure that right from the start you have an effective budgetary control and a well managed resource department. Make sure that you stay up to date with your marketing environment that is relevant to your niche market to ensure you gather correct information in order to make accurate marketing decisions. Any business that doesn’t have a good budgetary and resource control system is deemed to fail sooner or later and, if this is relevant to you, then I would re-design your business before it starts making a gaping loss and you’re left wondering why, without any accurate information to go by.

17c PAPER

17c PAPER 17c PAPER 4. If the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments guaranteed equal protection of the laws and the right to vote, why was a Civil Rights movement necessary in the 1950s and 1960s? What major factors and events led up to the Civil Rights movement and what were the gains and losses experienced by those participating in the movement? Gender and racial equality injustice in the United States against African Americans dates backs to long ago in the early colonization and building of the nation. After the Civil War, the United States underwent a Reconstruction Era in which the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments were added to the Constitution. The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendment guaranteed African Americans equal protection under law and guaranteed him or her the right to vote but government authority lacked support and push to enforce these. The Civil Rights movement was necessary in order for African Americans to achieve equality within a white dominated society. Moreover, the Civil Rights movement served as a catalyst for African Americans to secure their political rights by gaining concrete legislation. Legislation in the Black community meant the support of both Congress and the President. African American perceived this support as a milestone because Congress and the President could enforce laws in favor of integration. African Americans viewed integration as the root to equality because integration meant that black citizens and white citizens would receive equal treatment and therefore the opportunity to pursue The Civil Rights movement was successful through political organizations, direct action protests and changing speeds at which presidents addressed inequality. During this time that dates back to the late 1800s, there was a lot of hostility in the South against the new politics and the Reconstruction providing opportunities for African Americans. Not all Southern Whites agreed with this and as a result, many angry men took part in horrifying acts such as lynching in great quantities. Founded as a way to defend African Americans that were tormented and a goal of actually securing constitutional rights identified in the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People comes together in 1909. The NAACP was and is still a major component of Civil Rights today. When it formed, the NAACP was able to identify and show this mistreatment and injustice that African Americans received on a day-to-day basis under a society that this. This political organization began in the 1900s and it persevered on for many years with strong beliefs in equal treatment, justice and liberty for all races. The Civil Rights movement began to become recognized once again in the mid 1950s. Civil Rights activism was still present between this time and the 1900s but with the conflicts between the United States among Nations, it was not until the Post Cold War era that the fight for justice and equality for colored was reborn. The Civil Rights reawakening happened with the Brown vs. Board of Education challenged the segregated schools in the South and the goal with this case was to let the states understand that doing this to there children, separating them based on race and color was unconstitutional and resisting. With the Brown vs. Board of Education case, the African American community was able to take the White Southern views of segregation in the state of Kansas and challenge them in Supreme Court. This case challenged the idea of gradualism because although the Amendments that protected all under the same equality, prevous presidents had had the mentality of letting the segregation slowly fribble away but it was seen here that some this idea would not work. The NAACP political organization strongly supported this as it had also began to breakdown and identify the racism and segregation found in schools and the Brown vs. Board of Education case seemed to be a

Current Event Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Current Event Article - Essay Example As of now, Wal-Mart is the biggest retail store chain in the United States and employs nearly 1.4 million workers in various positions. But most of the employed workers are store-assistants, who are not generally well-educated. This is the backdrop for Wal-Mart top management to collaborate with American Public University, which offers online higher education degrees. Workers of Wal-Mart, with reasonable work experience with the company and positive performance reviews from their managers, special college credits will be awarded, which will expedite the process of completing the degree. The author of the article Miguel Bustillo does not critically scrutinize the real intentions behind this program. The article can only be considered a ‘press release’ issued by the Wal-Mart top management on the occasion of the program’s initiation. Hence it is important to place this Wal-Mart initiative in the context of the company’s general reputation with respect to corporate philanthropy. Given the long list of employee grievances against Wal-Mart top management, this initiative should be viewed with skepticism. For example, it is a well-documented fact that Wal-Mart does not provide adequate medical insurance and reasonable wages for its employees. The cheap prices offered to the consumer are as a result of savings made through such means. Moreover, since most of the retail store assistants are employed on a part time basis, they are not eligible to get employer sponsored health insurance and other benefits. Further, a few years back, the exploitative nature of Wal-Mart manufacturing contracts with companies in the Third World came to light. For example, for every $20 shirt sold in a Wal-Mart store, the Bangladeshi worker who tailored it, gets paid only a fraction of that price. The conditions under which they work and the subsistence level wages they get can only be described as exploitative. Similarly, Wal-Mart’s shoddy record with

Seeking Proposals of Cummins International Case Study - 16

Seeking Proposals of Cummins International - Case Study Example I am looking for hardware equipment, fasteners specifically. The equipment should include; screws, bolts, washers amongst other fasteners. The detailed list is attached alongside this document. Provide a quotation of the fasteners you can supply, the price per piece, the overall price and the rate of price. The company requires that the supplier provides a documentation of the state of their products, indicating that they meet standards of operation. Â  Any bidding supplier is expected to have equipment that meets the ASTM International fasteners standards. The products are also expected to be within the ISO standards for industrial fasteners. The ASTM standards outline that equipment should go through its own testing environment, evaluation of the use of the material in its manufacture, dimensional aspects and certain properties of industrial fasteners in various uses. In the ISO standards, suppliers should meet the requirements outlined in the ISO Standards Handbook. Â  Every bidder will be expected to fill out answers to the following questions, accurately and correctly to ensure they get high consideration for the issuance of the project. The questions are meant to help us understand the suppliers’ background, their professionalism, and experience amongst other necessary details. The questions and answer will also work in great favor for the suppliers in helping them understand the requirements much more clearly. Â  As you bid, please remember to include your managerial team as your point of references for your work. Additionally, provide contact information for previous clients whom you have worked with in the past, or you are continuing to work with, and have been satisfied with your work. Â  Financial records are taken seriously to ensure that the winning bidding suppliers do not face any blocking circumstances.

Comparing Senator Kelly Ayotte and Senator Joe Donnelly Essay

Comparing Senator Kelly Ayotte and Senator Joe Donnelly - Essay Example Ayotte and Donnelly have different leadership traits and hold different political ideologies. There approaches on national matters take a different dimension. Ayotte develops her approach based on bipartisan approaches while Donnelly concentrates on advocating for his party’s political and economic stands. This indicates the two develops their arguments and public agenda. Ayotte advocates for national agendas on grounds that there need to be a sober mind when it comes to security and economic policies (Appendix I). Ayotte being a republican, she has played an important role in sponsoring security and economical related bills in the senate. This indicates her concern on matters affecting the public. Donnelly on the other hand concentrated on his party’s policy in that most of his statements are geared towards driving the Democrat’s stands on key national issues. The two differ in the way they present their agenda top the public. Ayotte has been actively involved in senate debates compared to Donnelly. She has been involved in more senate committees than Donnelly. She represents the change advocated by Thomas and Wilcox (2014) in the 21st century. There active roles in politics and public administration. The subordinate roles played in previous administration and transformed into active members in society. The role played Ayotte surpasses Donnelly’s role in 2015 senate and house committees.

Contemporary Religious Issues in Christianity Essay Example for Free

Contemporary Religious Issues in Christianity Essay Over time in various religions, there has been conflict. If not within one particular religion then there would be conflicting with each other. Christianity is a religion that most certainly has this issue. With many struggles in religion that people are face with today that would assists in the division of our human population, some religions still share some of the same beliefs. Though all religions are vastly different, the overall belief is geared to praise and worship God. Two religions that will be discussed in this paper that conflict with Christianity are Judaism and Islam. In Judaism, besides cultural division within, most of their conflict is with modern society. In Islam, the Muslim community has a great political outlook that has been coupled with their religious beliefs and stereotyping has been more recently a trigger for conflict. In this paper we will discuss the contemporary issues within Christianity. We will review the historical connections and theological similarities with other religions such as Judaism and Islam. We will also take a look at Christian denominations and how they interact with Buddhism. Contemporary Issues within Christianity Christians have struggles between their own religion, and with other religions beliefs. Christian’s belief in One God, God of Love. We can find a message in the passages of the Bible; in Genesis, a foundation about God’s creation. The concepts: stewardship and creativity, God blessed them; and God gave them this message, Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it; and rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky, and over every living thing that moves on the earth. Bible) 2012 â€Å". The Love of God gets lost in our daily living style because the temptation, we sin and man abused God’s stewardship, and we don’t follow what God is teaching us to do. Christianity and other religions in this new way of living, we all are challenge to face an inevitable change. Social and new technology is responsible for new changes. We ask ourselves, what about religion in the future. Influences, crisis, economy are slowly changing the conservative religion to their surrounding of cultures. This changes are giving new choices to each one of us, and some choices are giving us ethical and cultural choices that force us to examine ourselves in our most basic philosophical believes. Christians and other religions are facing some areas that may raise ethical and religion beliefs. How Christian must respond to such conditions? How can we live with this society and culture that surrounds us? Christ of Culture perspective is exactly the opposite of Christ against Culture This way of living brings culture and Christianity together. God is giving us life – Why humans want to decide to take away our own lives or others. Where is our belief and trust, or mainly where is our Faith in God. Why we want to take control. If God give us life; we must belief and have trust that he has a plan in our lives. Ethical termination of adult life. Do individuals have the right to end their own lives or the lives or their loved ones? Even with major circumstances, do we get the control; where is our faith and believe that God does the impossible. Christianity questions about today is questioning about euthanasia. Passive or Active). Passive allowing the person to die by discontinuing their treatments and active is taking some positive step to terminate the person life by toxic substance or the injection of an air bubble into the blood stream. Euthanasia is the act of putting the death of a person which their illness in not curable but is violating the six commandment† Thou shalt not kill (Murder). Such consent does not relieve the killer of guilt for the sin of murder. Euthanasia is an instance of murder, which is a categorically forbidden in scripture.  Exodus 20:13 (Bakers, 1973), pp. 222 F. This society is giving us the opportunity to take control in our own hands; new technology is changing tremendously our beliefs and if we don’t wake up. This society will be out of control. Historical Connections and Theological Similarities with Other Religions The main historical connection between Judaism and Christianity is the fact that Christianity is a product of Judaism. This happened around the first century C. E. when Christianity was spreading rapidly throughout Europe. Besides Christianity forming out of Judaism, it has a connection through Jesus Christ, as we all know Jesus was a Jew. In fact for most of his life Jesus practice the Judaist faith and even celebrated Jewish holidays. Some of these holidays even became the basis for some of Christianity’s holidays, such as Easter which is based on the Jewish holiday â€Å"Passover†. Despite the fact that Christianity was a result of Judaism, Christians tended to have more freedom than Jews, while the latter was often persecuted for practicing their religion. Christianity has a connection to Israel that is almost as strong as Judaism. Nazareth which is based in Israel is considered the birthplace of Jesus, as well the birthplace of the Jewish Christian Church, however after the destruction of the church’s temple in 70C. E it seems that the church gradually faded into existence. While there may be some differences in how each religion worships and celebrates their religions. They both emphasize people being kind towards one another, believing in one God, and just being an overall good human being. The Christian and Islamic faith do share some of the same beliefs though their religions are vastly different. They both believe that there is one God and that God created the planet and mankind. They to both agree that God is the way of morality and the way or path of justice. It is also believed between the two religions that overall judgment of life is decided after life by heaven or hell. The fundamentalists Muslims and Christians also believe in pollutants such as porn and licentious helps destroy a community or society. There is a huge negative emotion in the western civilization in Islamic countries which explains the reasons of influences that evolve from out west. Of course there are obvious differences between both Christianity and Islam that will forever be unsettled. In these religions, pivotal doctrines are the points in which Christianity and Islam disagree. The overall tone of both beliefs are peaceful, caring, and loving human beings. The Muslim religion has points of emphasis on being peaceful, for instance; In Islam, the Muslims look to Sura 22:56 who say when speaking of religion there’s no compulsion. Though many in the world of Islam would believe that no compulsion means inside their religious world there is no competition amongst religion. Sura 29:46 says do not have a quarrel with outside religions but only if there is wrong doing. However, Sura 41:34 say to be make nice with the person doing wrong by doing good things for that person. Almost similar is the bible which has its parts of conflict with violence mostly from the Old Testament. It contests that a Canaanite society is infested with evil doings especially child sacrifice. God sent Israelites to enforce against the particular injustice and further on did the same against the Israelites. Situations like this within the scriptures of the bible are specifically minimal in circumstances during this time all implemented by God. But as the Quran would suggest, their religion puts this type of command in any time, place, and against any people or religion. Christian Denominations In religion, there is a power struggle to keep itself together. The ten commandments were clear on this issue. â€Å" Thou shall not worship false idols†, (Ten Commandments, 2002-2011). But there are seven billion people on this planet. Chances are that at least one of those seven billion people would want to worship another idol. From this idea, they would separate from their original church and form their own church. Worshiping whomever they found fit to be the one who deserved to be worshiped. As a matter of fact, this has happened many times in the history of Christianity and Judaism. Why are there so many Christian denominations? Well first we would have to differentiate between the non-Christian cults, and the false religions. Christian denominations are Lutherans, as well as Presbyterians. Then there are Jehovah’s witnesses and the Mormon religion, are examples of such cults. But islam and buddism are separate religions all together. Trials such as the protestant reformation gave rise within the Christian church to denominations. A movement to reform the roman catholic church that took place during the 16th century. Out of this event, four major division of traditional Protestantism emerged. These four were Lutheran, reformed, Anglican, and Anabaptist. But many more denominations would grow over the coming centuries. The denomination Lutheran was named after Martin Luther. This is based off of his teachings. Methodist was named from its founder, John Wesley. John Wesley was famous for coming up with methods for spiritual growth. Presbyterianism is named from their view on the churches leadership, and finally, Baptists. They got the name from the importants of the baptism ceremony. But not all the other denominations believe in baptism. So each one has a slightly different doctrine. Another is the availability of the lords supper to all. Or at least those who’s testimonies could be verified by the church leaders. Looking at why they have divisions, it seems clear that its not about Christ as the lord and savior. But it seems rather the differences of opinion by godly, flawed evidence, people seeking god. Seeking to retain doctrinal purity of what is their understanding of his word. Looking at today, denominations are many and vary wildly. The denominations have spawned numerous styles such as Nazarenes, Christian and Missionary Alliance, Evangelical Free, Assemblies of God, ect. Some styles of denomination, emphasizes very little doctrinal differences. But more often, they simply offer different styles of worship. Fitting the differences of Christians. This is the cause for so many forms of Christianity. Conclusion In this paper we have gone over the contemporary issues within Christianity. We have reviewed the historical connections and theological similarities with other religions such as Judaism and Islam. We have also taken a look at Christian denominations and how they interact with Buddhism. In our research we have found that Christianity and other religions in this new way of living, we all are challenge to face an inevitable change. Social and new technology is responsible for new changes. In these religions, pivotal doctrines are the points in which Christianity and Islam disagree. Christianity has a connection to Israel that is almost as strong as Judaism. Some styles of denomination, emphasizes very little doctrinal differences. But more often, they simply offer different styles of worship.

China Essay -- Chinese Economy Market Essays

China   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The history of China is embeded with revolution and tension dating back to the feudal periods and the " first unified Chinese empire under Qi Shi Huang Di in 221 B.C. " The Confucianism ideology entrenched in the minds of the Chinese people with its conservative base and the need to achieve harmony in society has yet to be reached and most likely, never will. The proletariat is at the heart of the Marxist-Maoist approach to politics and the basic way of life for the Chinese masses considering that "...roughly 85% of the population is based in peasantry..." While Marxism, as implemented by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and Nationalism have historically hindered the people of China; a growing need to conform to capitilism is plainly obvious if there will ever be success in the global market.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Marxist theory is based on a classless society where the proletariat or working class is given the opportunity to exist on an equal social level with the remainder of the people while given a form of leadership of its own for the first time. The dictatorship of the proletariat in communist China called the " peoples democratic dictatorship " is considered by the Chinese Communist Party to be truly democratic, since it is the dictatorship of the vast majority, the ‘ people' over a tiny minority of reactionaries. The Chinese Communist Party formed in 1921 is founded upon strict Marxist beliefs that coincide with ideas expressed in the Communist Manifesto.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  " The CCP has, as it's mission the creation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  of a stateless classless society. Because the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  dictatorship of the proletariat must be led by the party of the proletariat, the CCP by virtue   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  of being the vanguard of the working class, and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  because of its knowledge of Marxism-Leninism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  and its organizatioal capacities, is best able to understand and realize the interests of all people." The Communist Manifesto described the " conquest of political power by the proletariat " as the objective of the Communist. " The fundamentals of the CCP were originally based on extreme ‘leftist' views that centered around the proletariat. The party would virtually work for the victory of socialism in China while at the same time, looking to dismiss capitalism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mao Zedong, one of the fou... ...ve all presently or over time worked against China flourishing into the new world of capitalism and free enterprise. In order for China to succeed and reach the ‘harmony' its Confucian ideology promises, Marxism, nationalism and sinocentrism must all be abandoned in the attempt to reach a democratic, capitalist lifestyle and business practice. Works Cited: Hay, Morris, Lin, and Yao. Economic Reform and State owned Enterprises in China ,1979-87 Clarenden Press: Oxford. 1994 Infeld, Al. China as a Model of Development Orbis Books: New York. 1976 Kraus, Willy. Economic Development and Social Change in the Peoples Republic of China Springer-Verlag: New York, Heidelberg and Berlin. 1990 Leonhard, Wolfgang. The Three Faces of Marxixm Holt, Rinehart and Winston: New York, Chicago and San Fransisco. 1974 Ogden, Dr. Suzanne. China (Sixth ed.) Dushkin Publishing Group/Brown and Benchmark Publishers: Connecticut. 1995 Waller, Derek J. The Government and Politics of Communist China Anchor Books: Garden City, New York. 1991 World Press Review - Understanding China March, 1996. M. Zuckerman. U.S. News and World Report - China's New Reality. March 15, 1995.

Physics of Snowmachine Clutches :: sport physics snowmobile clutch

* A snowmachine clutch actually consists of two separate clutches connected together by a rubber belt. o The primary clutch is connected to the engine's crankshaft o The secondary clutch is mounted on the end of the jackshaft (which connects to the drive shaft via a chain and gears). * The primary purpose of the clutch is to smoothly transmit power from the engine to the jackshaft and to remove the connection when the engine is idling so that the machine is not always rolling. * This type of system is also referred to as a continuously variable transmission. It is called this because as the engine speed increases the final drive ratio increases. That is, the difference between the engine speed and track speed decreases. It is equivalent to an automatic transmission on a car with an infinite number of gears that you never felt shift. Let's take a look at how this "infinite gearing" process works: 1. At idle the primary clutch just spins and does not "grab" onto the belt. As engine RPM (revolutions per minute) increases to engagement speed (the RPM where the snowmachine starts moving), the primary clutch begins to pull together and start squeezing the belt. 2. Now the belt is turning. This makes the secondary clutch turn, which causes the track to turn and the snowmachine to move forward. 3. As engine speed increases above engagement, the primary clutch squeezes together some more and pushes the belt so that it moves to a larger radius on the primary. Because the two clutches rotate about fixed points, the belt gets pulled into the secondary, spreading it farther apart and moving the belt to a smaller radius. * Note that the primary clutch (on the left) never stops spinning, but the secondary (right) does stop spinning at idle speeds. * In case you are curious, the engine rpm got up to about 7000 rpm and the track speed got up to about 60 mph or more during this clip. I supported the track with a stand and ran the throttle while an observer ran the camera.

The Lion and the Mouse

A Kion was awakened from sleep by a Mouse running over his face. Rising up angrily, he caught him and was about to kill him, when the Mouse piteously entreated, saying: â€Å"If you would only spare my life, I would be sure to repay your kindness. † The Lion laughed and let him go. It happened shortly after this that the Lion was caught by some hunters, who bound him by st ropes to the ground. The Mouse, recognizing his roar, came gnawed the rope with his teeth, and set him free, exclaim You ridiculed the idea of my ever being able to help you, expecting to receive from me any repayment of your favor; I now you know that it is possible for even a Mouse to con benefits on a Lion. † In The Lion and the Mouse fable, the audience can not only be young generation, but also old generation. In this specific fable, young generation can get some benefits, such as how to trust other people, how can we let other people trust us, what can the young people do to the old people, and w hat is the importance of having friends. In the other side, the older generation can use this fable to dress their children by showing them how great friends can help them in the difficult or impressments situation. The fable prevent from being seen is that the young people can not only help the old people, but also they can do something valuable to society, such as creating new technology and developing an old system. As people growing up, they tend to think that they are becoming stronger and they could do anything they want, which tend to be wrong. They should use their power to protect their families and help other people. For example, if you go to work out every day to build your muscles, you become a strong man that can carry heavy things or equipment. However, some strong men when they have the right or if someone did something bad and he did not mean to, they would hurt him and sometime they would kill him. The idea is really oblivious, which is the people are in this life is to help each other, that’s mean the Vulnerable people can help the people who have the power is one way or the other, so the people who has power should not hurt Vulnerable people because you may need their help in the future.